Sorokin D Iu, Turova T P, Kuznetsov B B, Briantseva I A, Gorlenko V M
Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Mikrobiologiia. 2000 Jan-Feb;69(1):89-97.
Several samples of microbial mat obtained from soda lakes of the Kunkurskaya steppe (Chita oblast) abundantly populated by purple bacteria were screened for the presence of heterotrophic alkaliphiles capable of oxidizing sulfur compounds to sulfate. This capacity was found in only one pigmented strain, ALG 1, isolated on medium with acetate and thiosulfate at pH 10. The strain was found to be a strictly aerobic and obligately heterotrophic alkaliphile. Growth on medium with acetate was possible within a narrow pH range from 8.5 to 10.4. The strain formed a reddish orange carotenoid and bacteriochlorophyll a. Pigments were synthesized only at high concentrations of nitrogen-containing organic compounds (peptone or yeast extract). The production of bacteriochlorophyll a was maximal under microaerobic conditions in darkness. Strain ALG 1 could oxidize sulfide, thiosulfate, sulfite, and elemental sulfur to sulfate. In heterotrophically growing culture (pH 10), thiosulfate was not oxidized until the late logarithmic phase. The sulfur-oxidizing activity was maximal at the most alkaline pH values. The notable increase in the efficiency of organic carbon utilization observed in the presence of thiosulfate suggested that the bacterium was a sulfur-oxidizing lithoheterotroph. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed strain ALG 1 to be a member of the alpha-3 subgroup of proteobacteria and to constitute a distinct branch located between nonsulfur purple bacteria Rhodobacter and Rhodovulum. Based on the unique phenotypic properties and the results of phylogenetic analysis, the alkaliphilic isolate ALG 1 was assigned to a new genus and species Roseinatronobacter thiooxidans with the type strain DSZM-13087.
从昆库尔草原（赤塔州）苏打湖采集了几个富含紫色细菌的微生物垫样本，筛选其中能够将硫化合物氧化为硫酸盐的异养嗜碱菌。仅在一株色素菌株ALG 1中发现了这种能力，该菌株是在pH值为10的含有乙酸盐和硫代硫酸盐的培养基上分离得到的。该菌株是严格需氧且专性异养的嗜碱菌。在含有乙酸盐的培养基上，其生长的pH范围较窄，为8.5至10.4。该菌株形成了红橙色类胡萝卜素和细菌叶绿素a。色素仅在高浓度含氮有机化合物（蛋白胨或酵母提取物）存在时合成。细菌叶绿素a的产生在黑暗中的微需氧条件下最大。菌株ALG 1能够将硫化物、硫代硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐和元素硫氧化为硫酸盐。在异养生长培养物（pH 10）中，硫代硫酸盐直到对数后期才被氧化。硫氧化活性在最碱性的pH值下最大。在硫代硫酸盐存在下观察到有机碳利用效率显著提高，表明该细菌是一种硫氧化的无机异养菌。对16S rRNA基因的系统发育分析表明，菌株ALG 1是变形菌门α-3亚群的成员，构成了位于非硫紫色细菌红杆菌属和红环菌属之间的一个独特分支。基于独特的表型特性和系统发育分析结果，嗜碱分离株ALG 1被归入一个新的属和种——硫氧化玫瑰嗜碱菌，模式菌株为DSZM-13087。
