Murphy W J, Sun S, Chen Z, Yuhki N, Hirschmann D, Menotti-Raymond M, O'Brien S J
Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201 USA.
Genome Res. 2000 May;10(5):691-702. doi: 10.1101/gr.10.5.691.
Ordered gene maps of mammalian species are becoming increasingly valued in assigning gene variants to function in human and animal models, as well as recapitulating the natural history of genome organization. To extend this power to the domestic cat, a radiation hybrid (RH) map of the cat was constructed integrating 424 Type I-coding genes with 176 microsatellite markers, providing coverage over all 20 feline chromosomes. Alignment of parallel RH maps of human and cat reveal 100 conserved segments ordered (CSOs) between the species, nearly three times the number observed with reciprocal chromosome painting analyses. The observed number is equivalent to theoretical predictions of the number of conserved segments to be found between cat and human, implying that 300-400 Type I gene markers is sufficient to reveal nearly all conserved segments for species that exhibit the most frequently observed "slow" rate of genome reorganization. The cat-human RH map comparisons provide a new genomic tool for comparative gene mapping in the cat and related Felidae, and provide confirmation that the cat genome organization is remarkably conserved compared with human. These data demonstrate that ordered RH-based gene maps provide the most precise assessment of comparing genomes, short of contig construction or full-sequence determination.
在将基因变异应用于人类和动物模型的功能研究以及重现基因组组织的自然历史过程中，哺乳动物物种的有序基因图谱的价值日益凸显。为了将这种能力扩展到家猫，构建了猫的辐射杂种（RH）图谱，该图谱整合了424个I型编码基因和176个微卫星标记，覆盖了所有20条猫科染色体。人类和猫的平行RH图谱比对揭示了物种间100个有序的保守区段（CSO），这一数量几乎是反向染色体涂染分析所观察到数量的三倍。观察到的数量与猫和人类之间保守区段数量的理论预测值相当，这意味着对于表现出最常见的“缓慢”基因组重组速率的物种，300 - 400个I型基因标记足以揭示几乎所有的保守区段。猫与人类的RH图谱比较为猫及相关猫科动物的比较基因图谱提供了一种新的基因组工具，并证实与人类相比，猫的基因组组织具有显著的保守性。这些数据表明，基于有序RH的基因图谱是除了构建重叠群或进行全序列测定之外，比较基因组最精确的评估方法。
