Reckling F W, McAllister C K
University of Kansas Medical School and Hospital, Kansas City, USA.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2000 May(374):107-14. doi: 10.1097/00003086-200005000-00009.
Joshua L. Chamberlain, a professor of religion and oratory at Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine was commissioned Lieutenant Colonel of the 20th Maine Volunteer Regiment in August 1862. He commanded the 20th Maine Volunteer Regiment in the historic defense of Little Roundtop against overwhelming odds and circumstances during the pivotal battle of Gettysburg. In June 1864 while leading a charge at the battle of Petersburg, he sustained what was thought to be a mortal wound when he was struck by a minié ball that entered just below and anterior to his right greater trochanter, injuring vessels, the urinary bladder and urethra, and fracturing his pelvis. Surgery was done in the field hospital, and after 5 months of recuperation, Chamberlain returned to lead his troops in combat. After the war he was elected Governor of Maine for four terms and subsequently served as President of his alma mater, Bowdoin College, for 12 years. Despite the fact that he had chronic lower abdominal pain, wound drainage, and a persistent urethral fistula, he lived a very productive life for 50 years after he was wounded at Petersburg. Included in the current paper are commentaries on the state of the art of surgery during the Civil War.
约书亚·L·张伯伦是缅因州不伦瑞克鲍登学院的宗教与演讲学教授，1862年8月被任命为第20缅因志愿团中校。在葛底斯堡关键战役中，他指挥第20缅因志愿团在小圆顶山进行了历史性防御，当时面临着压倒性的困难和局面。1864年6月，在彼得斯堡战役中带领冲锋时，他被一颗米尼弹击中，子弹从他右大转子下方偏前处进入，损伤了血管、膀胱和尿道，还造成骨盆骨折，当时被认为受了致命伤。他在野战医院接受了手术，经过5个月的康复，张伯伦重返战场指挥部队。战后，他四次当选缅因州州长，随后在母校鲍登学院担任了12年校长。尽管他患有慢性下腹部疼痛、伤口引流以及持续性尿道瘘，但在彼得斯堡受伤后，他仍度过了非常充实的50年人生。本文还包括了对内战时期外科手术技术水平的评论。
