Sichieri R, Taddei J A, Everhart J E
Instituto de Medicina Social, Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Adolesc Health. 2000 Jun;26(6):414-9. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(99)00004-x.
To analyze the influence of parental stature and environmental factors on the stature of adolescents from a national survey sample.
A nationwide survey was carried out in 1989 among a stratified, two-stage, probability cluster sample of 14,455 Brazilian households to provide estimates of anthropometric deficits for urban and rural populations from the five regions of the country. Stature was measured for 5681 boys and girls age 14-18 years, 78.9% of their fathers, and 93.8% of their mothers. Associations between explanatory variables and adolescent height in centimeters were assessed by fitting multiple linear models to the data.
The predicted effects of parental stature and environmental conditions together sum to a total of 17 cm when comparing a boy born to parents with stature below the median and living in the underdeveloped rural Northeast region (1.56 m) with one born to parents with stature above the median and living in the partially industrialized urban South region (1.73 m). For girls, this estimated difference was 12 cm. For boys, the overall influence of parents' stature was 10 cm (R(2)= 0.40) and the sociodemographic factors had an overall influence of 7 cm (R(2) = 0.29). For girls, these values were 7 cm (R(2)= 0.35) for the parental influence and 5 cm (R(2) = 0.11) for the sociodemographic factors.
Mother's stature had the same influence on adolescent's stature as father's stature. Independent of parental stature, environmental factors have a strong influence on adolescent stature, particularly among boys.
通过一项全国性调查样本，分析父母身高及环境因素对青少年身高的影响。
1989年在巴西全国范围内开展了一项调查，对14455个家庭进行分层、两阶段概率整群抽样，以估计该国五个地区城乡人口的人体测量缺陷情况。对5681名14至18岁的男孩和女孩、他们78.9%的父亲以及93.8%的母亲进行了身高测量。通过对数据拟合多元线性模型，评估解释变量与以厘米为单位的青少年身高之间的关联。
将父母身高低于中位数且生活在欠发达的农村东北地区（身高1.56米）的男孩与父母身高高于中位数且生活在部分工业化的城市南部地区（身高1.73米）的男孩进行比较时，父母身高和环境条件的预测效应总和为17厘米。对于女孩，这一估计差异为12厘米。对于男孩，父母身高的总体影响为10厘米（R² = 0.40），社会人口统计学因素的总体影响为7厘米（R² = 0.29）。对于女孩，父母影响的值为7厘米（R² = 0.35），社会人口统计学因素的值为5厘米（R² = 0.11）。
母亲身高对青少年身高的影响与父亲身高相同。独立于父母身高之外，环境因素对青少年身高有很大影响，尤其是对男孩。
