Murphy K M, Ouyang W, Farrar J D, Yang J, Ranganath S, Asnagli H, Afkarian M, Murphy T L
Department of Pathology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:451-94. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.18.1.451.
The recognition of polarized T cell subsets defined by cytokine production was followed by a search to define the factors controlling this phenomenon. Suitable in vitro systems allowed the development of cytokine "recipes" that induced rapid polarization of naïve T cells into Th1 or Th2 populations. The next phase of work over the past several years has begun to define the intracellular processes set into motion during Th1/Th2 development, particularly by the strongly polarizing cytokines IL-12 and IL-4. Although somewhat incomplete, what has emerged is a richly detailed tapestry of signaling and transcription, controlling an important T cell developmental switch. In addition several new mediators of control have emerged, including IL-18, the intriguing Th2-selective T1/ST2 product, and heterogeneity in dendritic cells capable of directing cytokine-independent Th development.
在识别出由细胞因子产生所定义的极化T细胞亚群之后，人们开始寻找控制这一现象的因素。合适的体外系统促成了细胞因子“配方”的发展，这些配方能使初始T细胞迅速极化为Th1或Th2群体。在过去几年的下一阶段工作中，人们已开始明确在Th1/Th2发育过程中启动的细胞内过程，尤其是由强极化细胞因子IL-12和IL-4所引发的过程。尽管尚不完整，但已呈现出一幅关于信号传导和转录的详尽丰富图景，它控制着一个重要的T细胞发育开关。此外，还出现了几种新的调控介质，包括IL-18、有趣的Th2选择性产物T1/ST2，以及能够指导不依赖细胞因子的Th发育的树突状细胞异质性。
