Schmittel A, Keilholz U, Thiel E, Scheibenbogen C
Universitätsklinikum Benjamin-Franklin, Medizinische Klinik III (Hämatologie, Onkologie, and Transfusionsmedizin), Berlin, Germany.
J Immunother. 2000 May-Jun;23(3):289-95. doi: 10.1097/00002371-200005000-00001.
The characterization of tumor-associated antigens and of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecule-binding peptide epitopes derived from these antigens has prompted the initiation of various vaccination trials aimed at inducing tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in persons with cancer. Sensitive and easy-to-perform T-cell assays that assess the frequency of tumor-reactive T cells are crucial for the evaluation and further development of vaccination approaches. This review focuses on a novel ELISPOT technique that allows quantification of tumor-specific T lymphocytes from peripheral blood by detecting antigen-induced cytokine secretion. Various ELISPOT methods using different antigen-presenting cells and different cytokines as read-out are described. T-cell analyses performed using the standard chromium release assay and the ELISPOT assay are also compared. Results from various clinical trials, including peptide and whole tumor cell vaccination and cytokine treatment, are now available and show the suitability of the ELISPOT assay for monitoring T-cell responses. To establish a basis for standardization and to further improve this technique, the first comparative quality assurance studies analyzing T-cell frequencies in different laboratories with the ELISPOT assay are being performed.
肿瘤相关抗原以及源自这些抗原的人类白细胞抗原（HLA）I类分子结合肽表位的特性鉴定，促使人们开展了各种疫苗接种试验，旨在诱导癌症患者产生肿瘤特异性CD8 + T细胞。评估肿瘤反应性T细胞频率的灵敏且易于操作的T细胞检测方法，对于疫苗接种方法的评估和进一步研发至关重要。本综述聚焦于一种新型ELISPOT技术，该技术可通过检测抗原诱导的细胞因子分泌来定量外周血中的肿瘤特异性T淋巴细胞。文中描述了使用不同抗原呈递细胞和不同细胞因子作为读出指标的各种ELISPOT方法。还比较了使用标准铬释放试验和ELISPOT试验进行的T细胞分析。包括肽和全肿瘤细胞疫苗接种以及细胞因子治疗在内的各种临床试验结果现已可得，显示了ELISPOT试验在监测T细胞反应方面的适用性。为建立标准化基础并进一步改进该技术，正在开展首批比较质量保证研究，分析不同实验室使用ELISPOT试验检测T细胞频率的情况。
