Daniels S K
Speech Pathology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112-1262, USA.
Dysphagia. 2000 Summer;15(3):159-66. doi: 10.1007/s004550010019.
The purpose of this review is to evaluate the disorder of swallowing apraxia and determine how it fits into the praxis system. Swallowing apraxia, a proposed disorder of lingual, labial, and mandibular coordination, has been observed before bolus transfer during the oral stage of swallowing. Although frequently discussed anecdotally in dysphagia literature, the possible mechanisms and neural networks of swallowing apraxia have not been elucidated. Similarities and differences of swallowing apraxia with buccofacial, speech, and limb apraxias are evident. Critical review of the literature has identified possible similarities as greater occurrence upon command, transitive nature of the action, and evidence of spatial errors. Conversely, differences such as hemispheric lateralization and multiple gesture assessment may exist between swallowing apraxia and more traditional forms of apraxia. Until discrete error patterns of swallowing apraxia are identified and precisely measured, the nature of this disorder and its relationship with the praxis system will continue to remain elusive.
本综述的目的是评估吞咽失用症的紊乱情况，并确定其在运用系统中的位置。吞咽失用症是一种舌、唇和下颌协调的拟议紊乱症，在吞咽口腔期食团转移之前即可观察到。尽管在吞咽困难文献中经常有轶事性讨论，但吞咽失用症的可能机制和神经网络尚未阐明。吞咽失用症与口面部、言语和肢体失用症的异同是明显的。对文献的批判性综述已确定可能的相似之处为按指令发生率更高、动作的传递性质以及空间错误的证据。相反，吞咽失用症与更传统形式的失用症之间可能存在半球侧化和多手势评估等差异。在确定并精确测量吞咽失用症的离散错误模式之前，这种紊乱症的性质及其与运用系统的关系仍将难以捉摸。
