Riopelle A J
Louisiana State University, USA.
J Gen Psychol. 2000 Apr;127(2):198-216. doi: 10.1080/00221300009598579.
Some have proposed that the null hypothesis significance test, as usually conducted using the t test of the difference between means, is an impediment to progress in psychology. To improve its prospects, using Neyman-Pearson confidence intervals and Cohen's standardized effect sizes, d, is recommended. The purpose of these approaches is to enable us to understand what can appropriately be said about the distances between the means and their reliability. Others have written extensively that these recommended strategies are highly interrelated and use identical information. This essay was written to remind us that the t test, based on the sample--not the true--standard deviation, does not apply solely to distance between means. The t test pertains to a much more ambiguous specification: the difference between samples, including sampling variations of the standard deviation.
一些人提出，通常使用均值差异t检验进行的零假设显著性检验是心理学进步的障碍。为了改善这种情况，建议使用奈曼-皮尔逊置信区间和科恩标准化效应量d。这些方法的目的是使我们能够理解关于均值之间的距离及其可靠性可以适当地说些什么。其他人已经大量论述，这些推荐的策略高度相关且使用相同的信息。本文旨在提醒我们，基于样本而非真实标准差的t检验并不只适用于均值之间的距离。t检验涉及一个更为模糊的说明：样本之间的差异，包括标准差的抽样变化。
