Clatts M C, Heimer R, Abdala N, Goldsamt L A, Sotheran J L, Anderson K T, Gallo T M, Hoffer L D, Luciano P A, Kyriakides T
National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York 10048, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Oct 1;22(2):194-9. doi: 10.1097/00126334-199910010-00013.
In response to recent concerns about risk of HIV-1 transmission from drug injection paraphernalia such as cookers, ethnographic methods were used to develop a descriptive typology of the paraphernalia and practices used to prepare and inject illegal drugs. Observational data were then applied in laboratory studies in which a quantitative HIV-1 microculture assay was used to measure the recovery of infectious HIV-1 in cookers. HIV-1 survival inside cookers was a function of the temperature achieved during preparation of drug solutions; HIV-1 was inactivated once temperature exceeded, on average, 65 degrees C. Although different types of cookers, volumes, and heat sources affected survival times, heating cookers 15 seconds or longer reduced viable HIV-1 below detectable levels.
为回应近期对诸如煮器等吸毒用具导致HIV-1传播风险的担忧，采用人种学方法对用于制备和注射非法药物的吸毒用具及做法进行了描述性分类。随后将观察数据应用于实验室研究，其中使用定量HIV-1微量培养测定法来测量煮器中传染性HIV-1的回收率。煮器内HIV-1的存活情况是药物溶液制备过程中所达到温度的函数；一旦温度平均超过65摄氏度，HIV-1即被灭活。尽管不同类型的煮器、容量和热源会影响存活时间，但将煮器加热15秒或更长时间可使存活的HIV-1降至检测水平以下。
