共用注射药物准备设备与 HIV 感染相关：一项横断面研究。
Sharing of Injection Drug Preparation Equipment Is Associated With HIV Infection: A Cross-sectional Study.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, St. Joseph's Health Care London, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2019 Aug 1;81(4):e99-e103. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002062.
BACKGROUND
Sharing needles/syringes and sexual transmission are widely appreciated as means of HIV transmission among persons who inject drugs (PWIDs). London, Canada, is experiencing an outbreak of HIV among PWIDs, despite a large needle/syringe distribution program and low rates of needle/syringe sharing.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether sharing of injection drug preparation equipment (IDPE) is associated with HIV infection.
METHODS
Between August 2016 and June 2017, individuals with a history of injection drug use and residence in London were recruited to complete a comprehensive questionnaire and HIV testing.
RESULTS
A total of 127 participants were recruited; 8 were excluded because of failure to complete HIV testing. The remaining 35 HIV-infected (cases) and 84 HIV-uninfected (controls) participants were assessed. Regression analysis found that sharing IDPE, without sharing needles/syringes, was strongly associated with HIV infection (adjusted odds ratio: 22.1, 95% confidence interval: 4.51 to 108.6, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Sharing of IDPE is a risk factor for HIV infection among PWIDs, even in the absence of needle/syringe sharing. Harm reduction interventions to reduce HIV transmission associated with this practice are urgently needed.
背景
在注射吸毒者（PWIDs）中，共用针具/注射器和性传播被广泛认为是 HIV 传播的途径。尽管加拿大伦敦有一个大规模的针具/注射器分发计划和低水平的共用针具/注射器行为，但当地仍爆发了 HIV。
目的
确定是否与注射毒品准备设备（IDPE）的共用与 HIV 感染相关。
方法
2016 年 8 月至 2017 年 6 月，招募了有注射吸毒史且居住在伦敦的个人，以完成综合问卷和 HIV 检测。
结果
共招募了 127 名参与者；由于未能完成 HIV 检测，有 8 人被排除在外。评估了剩余的 35 名 HIV 感染（病例）和 84 名 HIV 未感染（对照）参与者。回归分析发现，IDPE 的共用，而不是针具/注射器的共用，与 HIV 感染密切相关（调整后的优势比：22.1，95%置信区间：4.51 至 108.6，P < 0.001）。
结论
即使没有共用针具/注射器，IDPE 的共用也是 PWIDs 中 HIV 感染的一个危险因素。迫切需要减少与这种行为相关的 HIV 传播的减少伤害干预措施。
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