Lionis C, Vlachonikolis I G, Skliros S, Symeonidis A, Merkouris B P, Kouroumalis E
Greek Association of General Practitioners, Koundourioti, Thessaloniki, Greece.
J Viral Hepat. 2000 May;7(3):218-24. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2000.00217.x.
A seroepidemiological study was carried out in 15 primary health care (PHC) centres in rural Greece to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the surgeries of Greek General Practitioners (GPs) and to further clarify the transmission of hepatitis C in Greece. Serum samples were obtained from 1961 subjects (1259 females) aged >/= 15 years, who visited GP surgeries between July 1996 and February 1997 in 15 PHC centres located in three large Greek regions (Macedonia, Attika and Crete). Subjects who participated in the study fulfilled the following criteria: history of blood transfusion; hospital admission of > 7 days' duration without surgical or other intervention; use of intravenous drugs (current or previous); or women with a history of medical or paramedical abortion. Nearly 65% (1263 subjects) of the participants in this study reported hospital admission with a length of stay > 7 days. Antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) were found in 67 participants (3. 5%), 41 of whom were females and 44 of whom were aged >/= 61 years. The highest prevalence (4.8%) of anti-HCV was found in Crete, and differences among the Greek regions were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Multivariate statistical analysis showed that in addition to regional differences, the following variables had a statistically significant effect on the prevalence of anti-HCV: history of dental surgery; use of intravenous drugs; hospital admission for > 7 days; and the high consumption of alcoholic drinks. Hence there is a significant variability in the prevalence of hepatitis C in well-defined PHC areas of Greece. Several risk factors for acquiring HCV infection have been identified. Screening for HCV risk factors may enable Greek GPs to identify HCV-infected patients.
在希腊农村的15个初级卫生保健（PHC）中心开展了一项血清流行病学研究，以确定希腊全科医生（GP）诊所中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的流行情况，并进一步阐明希腊丙型肝炎的传播途径。从1961名年龄≥15岁的受试者（1259名女性）中采集血清样本，这些受试者于1996年7月至1997年2月期间前往位于希腊三个大地区（马其顿、阿提卡和克里特岛）的15个PHC中心的GP诊所就诊。参与该研究的受试者符合以下标准：有输血史；住院时间超过7天且无手术或其他干预；使用过静脉注射药物（当前或既往）；或有药物或助产士引产史的女性。本研究中近65%（1263名受试者）报告住院时间超过7天。67名参与者（3.5%）检测出抗HCV抗体，其中41名是女性，44名年龄≥61岁。抗HCV的最高患病率（4.8%）在克里特岛发现，希腊各地区之间的差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多变量统计分析表明，除了地区差异外，以下变量对抗HCV患病率有统计学显著影响：牙科手术史；使用静脉注射药物；住院时间超过7天；以及大量饮用酒精饮料。因此，在希腊明确界定的PHC地区，丙型肝炎的患病率存在显著差异。已确定了几种感染HCV的危险因素。对HCV危险因素进行筛查可能使希腊的全科医生能够识别HCV感染患者。
