del Ser Quijano T, Delgado C, Martínez Espinosa S, Vázquez C
Seccione de Neurología, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid.
Neurologia. 2000 May;15(5):193-8.
Moderate and severe primary adult hypothyroidism produces cognitive and behavioral disturbances, but the effects of mild hypothyroidism are not well established. We have tried to determine the pattern of cognitive performance and the effect of hormonal treatment in mild hypothyroidism.
15 patients with subclinical or very mild hypothyroidism were compared with other 15 patients suffering from mild diseases without central nervous system damage, who were matched in age, sex and previous intelligence. A neuropsychological battery, including tests of global cognitive performance (Mini Mental Status Examination, WAIS), attention (reaction time), visual memory (Benton test, Rey's Figure), verbal memory (word learning), verbal fluency and executive functions (Trail Making Test), was applied.
Hypothyroid patients had worse performance in some WAIS subtests, reaction time, verbal fluency, free recall and copy of the Rey's figure. After hormonal treatment, a significant improvement and normal performance in almost all cognitive functions were found.
Even mild hypothyroidism produces cognitive defects, mainly in tasks with high attentional requirements, that can and should be corrected with hormonal replacement.
中度和重度原发性成人甲状腺功能减退症会产生认知和行为障碍，但轻度甲状腺功能减退症的影响尚不明确。我们试图确定轻度甲状腺功能减退症患者的认知表现模式以及激素治疗的效果。
将15例亚临床或非常轻度甲状腺功能减退症患者与另外15例患有轻度疾病且无中枢神经系统损害的患者进行比较，这些患者在年龄、性别和既往智力方面相匹配。应用了一套神经心理测试，包括整体认知表现测试（简易精神状态检查表、韦氏成人智力量表）、注意力测试（反应时间）、视觉记忆测试（本顿测试、雷氏图形）、言语记忆测试（单词学习）、言语流畅性测试和执行功能测试（连线测验）。
甲状腺功能减退症患者在韦氏成人智力量表的一些分测验、反应时间、言语流畅性、自由回忆和雷氏图形临摹方面表现较差。激素治疗后，几乎所有认知功能都有显著改善且表现正常。
即使是轻度甲状腺功能减退症也会产生认知缺陷，主要表现在对注意力要求较高的任务中，这种缺陷可以且应该通过激素替代治疗来纠正。
