Litvin V Iu
Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia.
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 1999 Sep-Oct(5):26-33.
A short history of the concept of natural focal infections is presented: the idea put forward by D. K. Zabolotnyĭ, E. I. Pavlovskiĭ's teaching, 3 stages of its development. A number of fundamental questions and the modern content of the concept are considered. The natural foci of infections are a combination of surface, soil and/or water ecosystems, including the population of the causative agent of infection. In contrast to surface ecosystems, in soil and water ecosystems the hosts of the causative agents of sapronotic infections ae soil invertebrates and hydrobios, in which these agents may circulate in biocenotic trophic chains. The circulation of the causative agents in natural foci is a discrete process; the mechanisms and forms of the existence of pathogenic bacteria during seasonal and prolonged periods between epidemics is considered. Special attention is given to latent (nonculturable) forms of bacteria. The complex character of the status of the causative agents of natural focal infections is discussed.
D.K.扎博洛特尼提出的观点、E.I.巴甫洛夫斯基的学说及其发展的三个阶段。文中还探讨了一些基本问题以及该概念的现代内涵。感染的自然疫源地是地表、土壤和/或水生态系统的组合，其中包括感染病原体种群。与地表生态系统不同，在土壤和水生态系统中，腐生性感染病原体的宿主是土壤无脊椎动物和水生生物，这些病原体可在生物群落营养链中循环。病原体在自然疫源地中的循环是一个离散过程；文中还考虑了病原菌在季节性流行期间和长期流行间隔期间的存在机制和形式。特别关注细菌的潜伏（不可培养）形式。文中讨论了自然疫源性感染病原体状态的复杂性。
