Dooley M, Jarvis B
Adis International Limited, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, New Zealand.
Drugs. 2000 May;59(5):1169-86. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200059050-00013.
Iomeprol is a nonionic, monomeric iodinated contrast medium. Unlike the older ionic agents, iomeprol has low chemotoxicity, osmolality and viscosity and high water solubility. Compared with other nonionic contrast media, the osmolality and viscosity are lower and the water solubility is reported to be higher with iomeprol. Most radiographs (about 67 to 100%) obtained with iomeprol (containing 150 to 400 mg/ml of iodine) were of good or excellent quality in noncomparative and comparative trials recruiting 40 to 6127 patients undergoing various radiographic procedures. As expected, the diagnostic efficacy of iomeprol did not differ significantly from that of other nonionic agents (iopamidol, iopromide, iohexol and iotrolan). Iomeprol (containing 150 to 400 mg/ml of iodine) was well tolerated in clinical trials. Most adverse events were transient and of mild to moderate intensity and were similar to those observed with other contrast media. The overall incidence of adverse events ranged from 3 to 49.7% and mainly included localised pain (< or =6%) and heat sensations (8 to 45%), taste disturbances (3 to 27%) and various pseudoallergic reactions (< or =20% for each type of event). The incidence of heat or pain and taste disturbances with iomeprol was similar to that observed with iopromide and iopamidol. Pain (but not heat sensations) was reported significantly less frequently and taste disturbances reported significantly more frequently with iomeprol than with iohexol in a comparative trial. Pseudoallergic reactions (such as nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, dizziness, headache) were significantly less common with iomeprol than with ioxaglate and occurred at a similar frequency to that with iopromide and iopamidol. Cardiovascular events were rarely observed with iomeprol. Currently available iomeprol solutions contain a range of iodine concentrations (150 to 400 mg/ml) and are approved for a wide variety of diagnostic procedures. Iomeprol solutions are chemically stable which negates the need for chelating agents. Formulations of this agent are therefore the first not to contain edetic acid (EDTA).
Iomeprol shows equivalent diagnostic efficacy, and a similar adverse event profile, to that of other nonionic contrast media. The availability of a range of iodine concentrations enables iomeprol to be used in a variety of diagnostic procedures. Iomeprol, like others in its class, is suitable for use in diagnostic imaging.
碘海醇是一种非离子型单体碘化造影剂。与较老的离子型造影剂不同，碘海醇具有低化学毒性、低渗透压和低粘度以及高水溶性。与其他非离子型造影剂相比，碘海醇的渗透压和粘度更低，据报道其水溶性更高。在招募40至6127例接受各种放射检查的患者的非对照和对照试验中，使用碘海醇（含碘量为150至400mg/ml）获得的大多数X线片（约67%至100%）质量良好或极佳。正如预期的那样，碘海醇的诊断效能与其他非离子型造影剂（碘帕醇、碘普罗胺、碘海醇和碘曲仑）相比无显著差异。碘海醇（含碘量为150至400mg/ml）在临床试验中耐受性良好。大多数不良事件是短暂的，强度为轻至中度，与其他造影剂观察到的情况相似。不良事件的总发生率为3%至49.7%，主要包括局部疼痛（≤6%）、热感（8%至45%）、味觉障碍（3%至27%）和各种类过敏反应（每种事件类型≤20%）。碘海醇引起的热感或疼痛以及味觉障碍的发生率与碘普罗胺和碘帕醇观察到的情况相似。在一项对照试验中，与碘海醇相比，碘海醇引起的疼痛（但不包括热感）报告频率显著更低，而味觉障碍报告频率显著更高。碘海醇引起的类过敏反应（如恶心、呕吐、皮肤反应、头晕、头痛）比碘克沙醇显著少见，且发生频率与碘普罗胺和碘帕醇相似。使用碘海醇很少观察到心血管事件。目前可用的碘海醇溶液含有一系列碘浓度（150至400mg/ml），并被批准用于多种诊断程序。碘海醇溶液化学性质稳定，无需螯合剂。因此，该制剂是第一种不含乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）的制剂。
碘海醇显示出与其他非离子型造影剂相当的诊断效能和相似的不良事件谱。一系列碘浓度的可用性使碘海醇可用于多种诊断程序。碘海醇与同类其他产品一样，适用于诊断成像。
