ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, Universidade Fernando Pessoa (UFP), 4249-004 Porto, Portugal.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 18;24(4):4122. doi: 10.3390/ijms24044122.
More than 50% of all prostate cancer (PCa) patients are treated by radiotherapy (RT). Radioresistance and cancer recurrence are two consequences of the therapy and are related to dose heterogeneity and non-selectivity between normal and tumoral cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) could be used as potential radiosensitizers to overcome these therapeutic limitations of RT. This study assessed the biological interaction of different morphologies of AuNPs with ionizing radiation (IR) in PCa cells. To achieve that aim, three different amine-pegylated AuNPs were synthesized with distinct sizes and shapes (spherical, AuNP-PEG, star, AuNP-PEG, and rods, AuNP-PEG) and viability, injury and colony assays were used to analyze their biological effect on PCa cells (PC3, DU145, and LNCaP) when submitted to the accumulative fraction of RT. The combinatory effect of AuNPs with IR decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis compared to cells treated only with IR or untreated cells. Additionally, our results showed an increase in the sensitization enhancement ratio by cells treated with AuNPs and IR, and this effect is cell line dependent. Our findings support that the design of AuNPs modulated their cellular behavior and suggested that AuNPs could improve the RT efficacy in PCa cells.
超过 50%的前列腺癌 (PCa) 患者接受放射治疗 (RT)。放射抗性和癌症复发是该疗法的两个后果，与剂量异质性和正常与肿瘤细胞之间的非选择性有关。金纳米粒子 (AuNPs) 可用作潜在的放射增敏剂，以克服 RT 的这些治疗局限性。本研究评估了不同形态的 AuNPs 与电离辐射 (IR) 在 PCa 细胞中的生物学相互作用。为了实现这一目标，合成了三种不同大小和形状的胺-聚乙二醇化 AuNPs（球形、AuNP-PEG、星形、AuNP-PEG 和棒形、AuNP-PEG），并使用细胞活力、损伤和集落测定法分析了它们对 PCa 细胞（PC3、DU145 和 LNCaP）的生物学影响，这些细胞在接受累积分次 RT 时。与仅接受 IR 或未处理的细胞相比，AuNPs 与 IR 的联合作用降低了细胞活力并增加了细胞凋亡。此外，我们的结果表明，用 AuNPs 和 IR 处理的细胞的增敏增强比增加，并且这种作用与细胞系有关。我们的研究结果表明，AuNPs 的设计调节了它们的细胞行为，并表明 AuNPs 可以提高 PCa 细胞的 RT 疗效。
