生物垃圾收集者和堆肥工人接触生物气溶胶后的健康投诉及免疫标志物
Health complaints and immunological markers of exposure to bioaerosols among biowaste collectors and compost workers.
作者信息
Bünger J, Antlauf-Lammers M, Schulz T G, Westphal G A, Müller M M, Ruhnau P, Hallier E
机构信息
Department of Occupational and Social Medicine, Centre of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Georg-August-University, Waldweg 37, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 2000 Jul;57(7):458-64. doi: 10.1136/oem.57.7.458.
OBJECTIVES
In a cross sectional study, work related health complaints and diseases of 58 compost workers and 53 biowaste collectors were investigated and compared with 40 control subjects. Levels of specific IgG antibodies to moulds and bacteria were measured as immunological markers of exposure to bioaerosols.
METHODS
With a standardised protocol, the participants of the study were interviewed for work related symptoms, conditions of exposure to bioaerosols at their workplaces, exposure to bioaerosols from other sources, atopic diseases, and smoking habits. They were clinically examined by physicians specialised in occupational medicine. Also, concentrations of specific IgG antibodies against antigens of moulds and actinomycetes occurring regularly at these workplaces were measured and compared with the health complaints of the workers.
RESULTS
Compost workers had significantly more symptoms and diseases of the airways (p=0.003) and the skin (p=0.02) than the control subjects. Health complaints of biowaste collectors did not differ significantly from those of the control group. Subjects with atopic diseases were underrepresented in the compost workers (p=0.003). Significantly increased antibody concentrations against fungi and actinomycetes were measured in workers at composting plants. The concentrations in biowaste collectors did not differ significantly from those in the control subjects. A significant association between the diseases and increased antibody concentrations were found in the compost workers.
CONCLUSION
The high exposure to bioaerosols of compost workers is significantly associated with a higher frequency of health complaints and diseases as well as higher concentrations of specific antibodies against moulds and actinomycetes. A healthy worker effect is indicated by the underrepresentation of atopic diseases among the compost workers compared with biowaste collectors and the control group.
目的
在一项横断面研究中，对58名堆肥工人和53名生物垃圾收集者的工作相关健康投诉和疾病进行了调查，并与40名对照对象进行了比较。测量了针对霉菌和细菌的特异性IgG抗体水平，作为接触生物气溶胶的免疫标志物。
方法
采用标准化方案，对研究参与者进行访谈，了解其工作相关症状、工作场所接触生物气溶胶的情况、来自其他来源的生物气溶胶接触情况、特应性疾病和吸烟习惯。由职业医学专家对他们进行临床检查。此外，还测量了针对这些工作场所中经常出现的霉菌和放线菌抗原的特异性IgG抗体浓度，并与工人的健康投诉进行了比较。
结果
堆肥工人呼吸道症状和疾病（p=0.003）以及皮肤症状和疾病（p=0.02）明显多于对照对象。生物垃圾收集者的健康投诉与对照组无显著差异。堆肥工人中患特应性疾病的受试者比例较低（p=0.003）。在堆肥厂工作的工人中，针对真菌和放线菌的抗体浓度显著升高。生物垃圾收集者的浓度与对照对象无显著差异。在堆肥工人中发现疾病与抗体浓度升高之间存在显著关联。
结论
堆肥工人对生物气溶胶的高暴露与更高频率的健康投诉和疾病以及针对霉菌和放线菌的特异性抗体的更高浓度显著相关。与生物垃圾收集者和对照组相比，堆肥工人中特应性疾病比例较低表明存在健康工人效应。
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