Bara B G, Bucciarelli M, Geminiani G C
Dipartimento di Psicologia and Centro di Scienza Cognitiva, Università di Torino, Italy.
Brain Cogn. 2000 Jun-Aug;43(1-3):21-7.
Cognitive Pragmatics theory is concerned with analyzing the cognitive processes underlying communication. In previous works we have explained the emergence of communication in context, as revealed by very young children, and the communicative deficits shown by closed head injury patients. The aim of the present work is an extension of Cognitive Pragmatics to the emergence and the decay of extra-linguistic communication. In particular, we investigate the performance of 2- to 7-year-old children and that of Alzheimer's patients in standard and nonstandard (irony and deceit) pragmatic tasks. The predictions derived by Cognitive Pragmatics are confirmed. Comprehension of pragmatic phenomena which are more complex according to the theory emerges later in the development (Experiment 1), and their decay is most severe in Alzheimer's patients (Experiment 2). We conclude that the framework provided by Cognitive Pragmatics can accommodate both the development and the decay of extra-linguistic communication.
认知语用学理论关注分析沟通背后的认知过程。在之前的研究中，我们解释了幼儿所展现出的情境中沟通的出现，以及闭合性颅脑损伤患者所表现出的沟通缺陷。本研究的目的是将认知语用学扩展到非语言沟通的出现和衰退方面。具体而言，我们调查了2至7岁儿童以及阿尔茨海默病患者在标准和非标准（反讽和欺骗）语用任务中的表现。认知语用学得出的预测得到了证实。根据该理论更复杂的语用现象的理解在发展过程中出现得较晚（实验1），并且在阿尔茨海默病患者中其衰退最为严重（实验2）。我们得出结论，认知语用学提供的框架能够兼顾非语言沟通的发展和衰退。
