Volpato M C, Ranali J, Amaral I M, Demetrio C G, Chalita L V
Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, S.P., Brazil.
Indian J Dent Res. 1999 Oct-Dec;10(4):138-44.
The toxicity of the combination of vasoconstrictors to local anaesthetic solutions has been debated since its first use in the beginning of this century. A combination of two vasoconstrictors to a local anaesthetic has been proposed by some researchers. In this study they were evaluated the acute toxicity (lethal dose 50%, convulsion dose 50%) and latency times of loss of righting reflex and convulsion as well as the duration of convulsion) of 2% lidocaine or 3% prilocaine, when administered in combination with adrenaline and felypressin at various concentrations. Lethal dose 50% studies showed that for both anaesthetics the solutions with higher concentrations of adrenaline were more toxic. The opposite was observed in the convulsion dose 50% studies. No alterations were observed in the control groups. All lidocaine solutions increased the latency of loss of righting reflex. The latency of convulsion was increased in some groups, but once the convulsion was achieved there was no difference in its duration. There was no statistical difference among prilocaine groups for any of the variables studied. Based on the experimental model studied, it was concluded that there is no advantage in the association of two vasoconstrictors concerning the toxicity of lidocaine and prilocaine solutions.
自本世纪初首次使用以来，血管收缩剂与局部麻醉溶液联合使用的毒性一直存在争议。一些研究人员提出将两种血管收缩剂与局部麻醉剂联合使用。在本研究中，评估了2%利多卡因或3%丙胺卡因与不同浓度肾上腺素和去氧肾上腺素联合使用时的急性毒性（半数致死量、半数惊厥量）、翻正反射消失和惊厥的潜伏期以及惊厥持续时间。半数致死量研究表明，对于两种麻醉剂，肾上腺素浓度较高的溶液毒性更大。在半数惊厥量研究中观察到相反的情况。对照组未观察到变化。所有利多卡因溶液均延长了翻正反射消失的潜伏期。一些组的惊厥潜伏期延长，但一旦发生惊厥，其持续时间没有差异。在所研究的任何变量中，丙胺卡因组之间均无统计学差异。基于所研究的实验模型，得出结论：就利多卡因和丙胺卡因溶液的毒性而言，联合使用两种血管收缩剂没有优势。
