Sieling P A
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, 52-121 CHS, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Clin Immunol. 2000 Jul;96(1):3-10. doi: 10.1006/clim.2000.4863.
Until recently, antigen presentation to T cells was defined only by proteins encoded within the MHC locus. That definition has now been expanded to include proteins encoded outside the MHC locus, most notably the CD1 family of proteins. The pathway of CD1-presented antigens diverges from that of MHC processing, indicating that the CD1 antigen-processing pathway may be complementary to the MHC pathways. The most surprising finding of the CD1 antigen-presenting system is that the antigens presented by CD1 are not peptides, but rather lipid and glycolipid in nature. The most compelling evidence for the role of CD1-restricted T cells in immune homeostasis stems from studies of mycobacterial infection and autoimmunity. These studies suggest that CD1-restricted T cells promote cell-mediated immune responses to intracellular infection and protect against anti-self responses.
直到最近，向T细胞的抗原呈递还仅由主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）基因座内编码的蛋白质来定义。现在，该定义已扩大到包括MHC基因座外编码的蛋白质，最显著的是CD1蛋白家族。CD1呈递抗原的途径与MHC加工途径不同，这表明CD1抗原加工途径可能与MHC途径互补。CD1抗原呈递系统最令人惊讶的发现是，CD1呈递的抗原本质上不是肽，而是脂质和糖脂。CD1限制性T细胞在免疫稳态中作用的最有力证据来自对分枝杆菌感染和自身免疫的研究。这些研究表明，CD1限制性T细胞促进对细胞内感染的细胞介导免疫反应，并防止自身反应。
