Emerson S B, Inger R F, Iskandar D
Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2000 Jul;16(1):131-42. doi: 10.1006/mpev.2000.0778.
Our analysis of parts of the mitochondrial ribosomal 12S and 16S genes from 39 populations of Southeast Asian ranid frogs confirms that the fanged frogs are a monophyletic clade. This group, properly called Limnonectes, appears to have arisen in the early Tertiary at a time when free faunal exchange was possible among Southeast Asia, Borneo, Sumatra, Java, and, probably, Sulawesi. Four species groups are tentatively identified within the clade. Part of group 1 includes species related to L. kuhlii that occur in Borneo. Another part of group 1 includes species from Malay Peninsula and Thailand that are related to L. pileata. Species group 2, L. leporina, occurs only in Borneo. Species group 3 is restricted to species distributed in Sulawesi and the Philippines. Species group 4 includes L. blythii and relatives. There is a lack of compatibility between phylogenetic hypotheses generated from molecular and morphological data sets. These differences are related, in large part, to whether some species of Limnonectes have secondarily lost fangs or whether lack of fangs represents the primitive condition.
我们对东南亚姬蛙科39个种群的线粒体核糖体12S和16S基因部分片段的分析证实，有齿蛙是一个单系类群。这个类群，正确地称为林蛙属，似乎起源于第三纪早期，当时东南亚、婆罗洲、苏门答腊、爪哇以及可能还有苏拉威西之间存在自由的动物群交流。在这个类群中初步确定了四个物种组。第一组的一部分包括婆罗洲与库氏林蛙相关的物种。第一组的另一部分包括马来半岛和泰国与皱皮林蛙相关的物种。第二物种组，即猪蛙，仅分布于婆罗洲。第三物种组仅限于分布在苏拉威西和菲律宾的物种。第四物种组包括布氏林蛙及其近缘种。从分子和形态数据集得出的系统发育假设之间缺乏一致性。这些差异在很大程度上与某些林蛙属物种是否次生失去了獠牙，或者无獠牙是否代表原始状态有关。
