Lissner L, Johansson S E, Qvist J, Rössner S, Wolk A
Department of Internal Medicine, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Jun;24(6):801-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801237.
The aim of the present study is to describe the evolution of the obesity epidemic in Sweden, with specific attention to the socioeconomic gradient.
Data from the Swedish Surveys of Living Conditions were used. Three such surveys were undertaken in 1980/81, 1988/89, and 1996/97, each of which was based on a simple random sample from the national population registry.
A total of 38,284 observations are used in this analysis, including males and females aged 16-84. The sample is approximately equally divided among the 3 survey periods and by gender.
The following body weight categories are used to describe changing prevalences: overweight (BMI>/=25), obesity (BMI>/=30) and underweight (BMI<18.5). Because body weight and heights were self-reported, recorded values were adjusted for estimating gender-specific obesity prevalences. Education was used as a proxy for socioeconomic status.
The prevalence of BMI>/=30 increased significantly over the 16-year observation period. At the time of the 1980/81 survey, the adjusted estimates were 8.8% in women and 6.6% in men, compared to 11.9% and 10.0% respectively, in 1996/97. The prevalence of BMI>/=25 was also analyzed for time trends, with specific attention to populations at risk. The largest proportionate changes occurred in women aged 16-44, among whom the prevalence of overweight doubled. The inverse educational gradient with respect to obesity is still present in both sexes, but there is no indication that it has increased in magnitude between 1980/81-1996/97.
本研究旨在描述瑞典肥胖流行情况的演变，特别关注社会经济梯度。
使用了瑞典生活条件调查的数据。在1980/81年、1988/89年和1996/97年进行了三次这样的调查，每次调查均基于全国人口登记册的简单随机样本。
本分析共使用了38284条观测数据，包括16至84岁的男性和女性。样本在三个调查时期和性别之间大致平均分配。
使用以下体重类别来描述患病率的变化：超重（BMI≥25）、肥胖（BMI≥30）和体重过轻（BMI<18.5）。由于体重和身高是自我报告的，因此对记录值进行了调整，以估计特定性别的肥胖患病率。教育程度被用作社会经济地位的替代指标。
在16年的观察期内，BMI≥30的患病率显著增加。在1980/81年调查时，调整后的估计值在女性中为8.8%，在男性中为6.6%，而在1996/97年分别为11.9%和10.0%。还分析了BMI≥25的患病率的时间趋势，特别关注高危人群。比例变化最大的是16至44岁的女性，其中超重患病率翻了一番。肥胖方面的反向教育梯度在两性中仍然存在，但没有迹象表明在1980/81年至1996/97年期间其幅度有所增加。
