Matsumoto K
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical School.
Nihon Rinsho. 2000 Jan;58(1):64-70.
Pacing is useful not only for therapies of arrhythmias but also for other cardiac disorders. In this article, the pacing therapies for idiopathic cardiomyopathies were reviewed. AV sequential pacing has been reported as beneficial methods to improve symptoms of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy(HOCM) patients, but the mechanisms and expectancy of efficacy of pacemaker implantation are not clarified. Prospective double blind studies to see the efficacy of pacing on HOCM patients were done and reported in the two continents, one was PIC study in Europe and the other was M-PATHY in the north America. Although they had the almost same protocol, the conclusions were opposite. However the results of the two studies showed the same tendency. The LVOTPG(left ventricular outflow pressure gradient) and QOL at the end of study after 6 months of DDD pacing were significantly improved in those two studies. But in double blind periods M-PATHY showed significant QOL improvement by AAI pacing as sham test, and so little significant in PIC study was. There were slight decrease of LVOTPG noticed by AAI pacing in the both studies. It seemed to be inappropriate to have chosen AAI pacing as a sham test, because implantation of leads in the heart might affect the right ventricular functions which would affect the left ventricular performance. It must be reconsidered to do prospective double blind test with employing real sham test like as implantation of generator without leads again. With all gained data so far, pacing therapy seemed effective and still one of alternative options for therapy of HOCM. On the other hands, effects of conventional DDD pacing on DCM is so limited but multisite pacing which is developing in recent, will be also one of options for therapy of CHF due to DCM.
起搏不仅对心律失常的治疗有用,对其他心脏疾病也有用。本文回顾了特发性心肌病的起搏治疗。房室顺序起搏已被报道为改善肥厚性梗阻性心肌病(HOCM)患者症状的有益方法,但起搏器植入的机制和疗效预期尚不清楚。在两大洲进行了前瞻性双盲研究以观察起搏对HOCM患者的疗效,一项是欧洲的PIC研究,另一项是北美的M-PATHY研究。尽管它们的方案几乎相同,但结论却相反。然而,两项研究的结果显示出相同的趋势。在这两项研究中,DDD起搏6个月后研究结束时的左心室流出道压力梯度(LVOTPG)和生活质量(QOL)均有显著改善。但在双盲期,M-PATHY研究显示AAI起搏作为假试验可显著改善生活质量,而PIC研究中则不显著。两项研究中AAI起搏均使LVOTPG略有下降。选择AAI起搏作为假试验似乎不合适,因为在心脏中植入导线可能会影响右心室功能,进而影响左心室性能。必须重新考虑采用真正的假试验,如再次植入无导线的发生器来进行前瞻性双盲试验。根据目前获得的所有数据,起搏治疗似乎是有效的,仍然是HOCM治疗的替代选择之一。另一方面,传统的DDD起搏对扩张型心肌病(DCM)的效果有限,但近年来正在发展的多部位起搏也将成为DCM所致慢性心力衰竭(CHF)治疗的选择之一。