Wadsworth L
Childrens Hospital Inc., Columbus, Ohio.
J Pediatr Health Care. 1999 Nov-Dec;13(6 Pt 2):S21-30. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5245(99)90065-2.
After remaining unaltered for almost 3 decades, the guidelines for polio immunization have recently undergone some major changes. A shift away from use of the live oral poliovirus vaccine has occurred, and an increasing preference is being shown for the killed injectable poliovirus vaccine for at least the first 2 doses. The purposes of this article are to review the history of polio and polio vaccines; compare the risks, benefits, and indications of the 2 available vaccines; discuss the rationale for changes in recommendations; and help nurse practitioners guide parents in making decisions about vaccines.
在近30年保持不变之后，脊髓灰质炎免疫指南最近发生了一些重大变化。已经出现了从使用口服脊髓灰质炎活疫苗的转变，并且对于至少前两剂疫苗，越来越倾向于使用注射用脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗。本文的目的是回顾脊髓灰质炎和脊髓灰质炎疫苗的历史；比较两种可用疫苗的风险、益处和适应症；讨论建议改变的基本原理；并帮助执业护士指导家长做出关于疫苗的决策。
