Seidman Larry J, Biederman Joseph, Monuteaux Michael C, Weber Wendy, Faraone Stephen V
Harvard Medical School.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2000 May;109(2):252-265. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.109.2.252.
The goal of this study was to assess neuropsychological functioning in nonreferred siblings of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants were 156 siblings of ADHD probands with (N = 40) and without (N = 116) ADHD (according to criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edition, revised; American Psychiatric Association, 1987) and 118 siblings of non-ADHD normal controls of similar age, IQ, and grade level. Information on attention, executive, and memory functions was obtained in a standardized manner without knowledge of clinical status. Compared with siblings of controls, siblings with ADHD were significantly impaired on the Stroop test and on verbal learning and memory. In contrast, siblings without ADHD were similar to controls on virtually all measures. These data suggest that some executive, attention, and verbal learning deficits are found in nonreferred individuals with ADHD but that neuropsychological deficits are unlikely to constitute an endophenotype to ADHD.
本研究的目的是评估患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的非转诊同胞的神经心理功能。参与者包括156名ADHD先证者的同胞，其中患有ADHD的有40名，未患ADHD的有116名（根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（第3版，修订版；美国精神病学协会，1987年）的标准），以及118名年龄、智商和年级水平相近的非ADHD正常对照的同胞。在不了解临床状况的情况下，以标准化方式获取了有关注意力、执行功能和记忆功能的信息。与对照组的同胞相比，患有ADHD的同胞在Stroop测试以及言语学习和记忆方面存在显著损害。相比之下，未患ADHD的同胞在几乎所有测量指标上与对照组相似。这些数据表明，在未转诊的ADHD个体中发现了一些执行功能、注意力和言语学习缺陷，但神经心理缺陷不太可能构成ADHD的一种内表型。
