Wagenvoort J H, Sluijsmans W, Penders R J
Department of Medical Microbiology, Atrium Medical Centre, Regional Public Health Laboratory, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
J Hosp Infect. 2000 Jul;45(3):231-4. doi: 10.1053/jhin.2000.0757.
Environmental sources have been associated with prolonged epidemics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Our objective was to evaluate whether outbreak MRSA strains differ in their environmental survival from sporadic MRSA strains. The strains were detected in five adult patients unknowingly colonized by MRSA. The MRSA strains from patients No. 1 (phage pattern; III-29) and No. 2 (III-215) caused extensive outbreaks in our hospital. Contact tracing after detection of the different MRSA strains in the three other patients did not reveal further spread. Suspensions of MRSA with and without added hospital dust were made in sterile PBS. Surviving counts of MRSA were made by culture at two-weekly or longer intervals up to approximately one year. For each MRSA strain the ultimate day of viability was ascertained. The environmental survival patterns of the five MRSA strains showed qualitative and quantitative differences between the two outbreak and three sporadic strains. A gradual decline was noted for all strains. All survived longer than 6 months, but the two outbreak strains survived significantly better (P<0.01), i.e. in higher quantities (circa 1000-fold) and for a 1-3 months longer period. The survival patterns of the MRSA strains with and without added dust were similar.
环境源与耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的长期流行有关。我们的目的是评估暴发的MRSA菌株在环境中的存活能力是否与散发的MRSA菌株不同。这些菌株在5名未被察觉感染MRSA的成年患者中被检测到。来自1号患者（噬菌体分型：III - 29）和2号患者（III - 215）的MRSA菌株在我们医院引起了广泛的暴发。在另外3名患者中检测到不同的MRSA菌株后进行接触追踪，未发现进一步传播。在无菌磷酸盐缓冲盐水中制备添加和未添加医院灰尘的MRSA悬液。每隔两周或更长时间进行培养，直至大约一年，以确定MRSA的存活数量。对于每种MRSA菌株，确定其最终存活天数。5种MRSA菌株的环境存活模式在两种暴发菌株和三种散发菌株之间表现出定性和定量的差异。所有菌株均呈逐渐下降趋势。所有菌株存活时间均超过6个月，但两种暴发菌株存活情况明显更好（P<0.01），即数量更多（约1000倍）且存活时间长1 - 3个月。添加和未添加灰尘的MRSA菌株的存活模式相似。
