Blazquez J, Morosini M I, Negri M C, Baquero F
Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid 28034, Spain.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Aug;44(8):2182-4. doi: 10.1128/AAC.44.8.2182-2184.2000.
Despite the large number of in vitro mutations that increase resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in TEM-type beta-lactamases, only a small number occur in naturally occurring enzymes. In nature, and particularly in the hospital, bacteria that contain beta-lactamases encounter simultaneous or consecutive selective pressure with different beta-lactam molecules. All variants obtained by submitting an Escherichia coli strain that contains a bla(TEM-1) gene to fluctuating challenge with both ceftazidime and amoxicillin contained only mutations previously detected in naturally occurring beta-lactamases. Nevertheless, some variants obtained by ceftazidime challenge alone contained mutations never detected in naturally occurring TEM beta-lactamases, suggesting that extended-spectrum TEM variants in hospital isolates result from fluctuating selective pressure with several beta-lactams rather than selection with a single antibiotic.
尽管在TEM型β-内酰胺酶中存在大量可增加对超广谱头孢菌素耐药性的体外突变,但只有少数发生在天然存在的酶中。在自然界中,尤其是在医院里,含有β-内酰胺酶的细菌会同时或连续受到不同β-内酰胺分子的选择性压力。通过让一株含有bla(TEM-1)基因的大肠杆菌菌株同时接受头孢他啶和阿莫西林的波动挑战而获得的所有变体,仅包含先前在天然存在的β-内酰胺酶中检测到的突变。然而,仅通过头孢他啶挑战获得的一些变体包含在天然存在的TEMβ-内酰胺酶中从未检测到的突变,这表明医院分离株中的超广谱TEM变体是由几种β-内酰胺的波动选择性压力而非单一抗生素的选择导致的。