Connell D A, Potter H G
Department of Radiology, Hospital for Special Surgery/Cornell Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA.
Australas Radiol. 1999 Nov;43(4):419-26. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1673.1999.00736.x.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder is a common imaging test, and in the course of routine evaluation it can provide accurate information regarding the labral capsular ligamentous complex (LCLC). Common patterns of labral injury include fraying, flap tears and labral distraction, which can be readily identified on both coronal and axial planes by paying attention to signal and morphological characteristics. Capsular and ligamentous pathology may be subtle, but is recognizable using a high-resolution technique that has differential contrast between native intra-articular fluid and the adjacent labrum and capsular restraints. Common patterns of capsular injury include a thickened, hyperintense capsule, sometimes with disruption and retraction. The inferior glenohumeral ligament is the primary stabilizer of the shoulder joint, and although failure of this structure is uncommon, the injury is easily identified. Shoulder instability is a common presentation, the diagnosis of which is dependent upon recognizing various injury patterns including Bankart lesions, reverse Bankart lesions, anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion (ALPSA) and failure of the inferior glenohumeral ligament.
肩部磁共振成像是一种常见的影像学检查，在常规评估过程中，它可以提供有关盂唇关节囊韧带复合体（LCLC）的准确信息。盂唇损伤的常见类型包括磨损、瓣状撕裂和盂唇分离，通过关注信号和形态特征，在冠状面和轴位面上都可以很容易地识别出来。关节囊和韧带病变可能很细微，但使用一种高分辨率技术可以识别出来，该技术在关节内的天然液体与相邻的盂唇和关节囊限制之间具有差异对比。关节囊损伤的常见类型包括增厚、高信号的关节囊，有时伴有中断和回缩。肩胛下肌下韧带是肩关节的主要稳定结构，虽然该结构的损伤并不常见，但很容易识别。肩关节不稳定是一种常见的表现，其诊断取决于识别各种损伤类型，包括Bankart损伤、反向Bankart损伤、前盂唇韧带骨膜袖套撕脱（ALPSA）以及肩胛下肌下韧带的损伤。
