Reddi B A, Carpenter R H
The Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
Nat Neurosci. 2000 Aug;3(8):827-30. doi: 10.1038/77739.
A fruitful quantitative approach to understanding how the brain makes decisions has been to look at the time needed to make a decision, and how it is affected by factors such as the supply of information, or an individual's expectations. This approach has led to a model of decision-making, consistent with recent neurophysiological data, that explains the observed variability of reaction times and correctly predicts the effects of altered expectations. Can it also predict what happens when the urgency of making the response changes? We asked subjects to make eye movements to low-visibility targets either as fast or as accurately as possible, and found that the model does indeed predict the timing of their responses: the degree of urgency seems to influence the criterion level at which a decision signal triggers a response.
一种卓有成效的定量方法，用于理解大脑如何做出决策，就是观察做出决策所需的时间，以及它如何受到诸如信息供应或个体期望等因素的影响。这种方法已得出一种决策模型，该模型与近期的神经生理学数据一致，它解释了观察到的反应时间变异性，并正确预测了期望改变的影响。它能否还预测当做出反应的紧迫性改变时会发生什么呢？我们要求受试者尽可能快速或准确地向低可见度目标进行眼球运动，结果发现该模型确实能预测他们的反应时间：紧迫性程度似乎会影响决策信号触发反应的标准水平。
