父母吸烟、社会经济因素与儿童侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病风险：一项基于人群的病例对照研究。
Parental smoking, socioeconomic factors, and risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children: a population based case-control study.
作者信息
Kriz P, Bobak M, Kriz B
机构信息
National Reference Laboratory for Meningococcal Disease, Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, 100 42 Prague 10, Czech Republic.
出版信息
Arch Dis Child. 2000 Aug;83(2):117-21. doi: 10.1136/adc.83.2.117.
AIMS
To investigate the effects of parental smoking, socioeconomic characteristics, and indoor environment on the risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children.
METHODS
Population based case-control study. A total of 68 incident cases of invasive meningococcal disease in children less than 15 years old were compared with 135 controls selected from the same school and matched for year of birth, sex, and place of residence. Information on exposures was obtained in interviews with parents.
RESULTS
Invasive meningococcal disease was strongly associated with parental smoking; rate ratios adjusted for socioeconomic factors were 3.5 (95% confidence interval 1.4-8.7) for smoking of mother, 3.2 (1.5-6.9) for smoking of father, and 2.7 (1.3-5.4) for every 20 cigarettes smoked at home on an average day. The risk of the disease was strongly inversely related to maternal education and, less strongly, to ownership of a car and of a weekend house, father's education, crowding, and the number of siblings, but these associations were reduced or eliminated in multivariate models. The type of heating and cooking (used as proxies for indoor air pollution) were not associated with the disease.
CONCLUSION
The risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children is strongly influenced by parental smoking and unfavourable socioeconomic circumstances.
目的
探讨父母吸烟、社会经济特征及室内环境对儿童侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病风险的影响。
方法
基于人群的病例对照研究。将15岁以下儿童中68例侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病的发病病例与从同一学校选取的135名对照进行比较，对照按出生年份、性别和居住地点进行匹配。通过与父母访谈获取暴露信息。
结果
侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病与父母吸烟密切相关；经社会经济因素调整后的率比，母亲吸烟为3.5（95%置信区间1.4 - 8.7），父亲吸烟为3.2（1.5 - 6.9），平均每天在家每多吸20支烟为2.7（范围1.3 - 5.4）。该病风险与母亲受教育程度呈强烈负相关，与汽车及周末度假屋的拥有情况、父亲受教育程度、拥挤程度和兄弟姐妹数量的相关性较弱，但在多变量模型中这些关联有所减弱或消除。取暖和烹饪方式（用作室内空气污染的替代指标）与该病无关。
结论
儿童侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病的风险受父母吸烟及不利的社会经济状况的强烈影响。
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