Teter S A, Klionsky D J
Section of Microbiology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2000 Jun;11(3):173-9. doi: 10.1006/scdb.2000.0163.
The vacuole/lysosome performs a central role in degradation. Proteins and organelles are transported to the vacuole by selective and non-selective pathways. Transport to the vacuole by autophagy is the primary mode for degradation of cytoplasmic constituents under starvation conditions. Autophagy overlaps mechanistically and genetically with a biosynthetic pathway termed Cvt (Cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting) that operates under vegetative conditions to transport the resident vacuolar hydrolase aminopeptidase I (API). API import has been dissected to reveal the action of a novel mechanism that transports cargo within double-membrane vesicles. Recent work has uncovered molecular components involved in autophagy and the Cvt pathway.
液泡/溶酶体在降解过程中发挥核心作用。蛋白质和细胞器通过选择性和非选择性途径被转运至液泡。在饥饿条件下，通过自噬作用将物质转运至液泡是降解细胞质成分的主要方式。自噬在机制和遗传方面与一种称为Cvt（细胞质到液泡靶向）的生物合成途径重叠，该途径在营养生长条件下起作用，负责转运液泡驻留水解酶氨肽酶I（API）。API的导入过程已被深入研究，揭示了一种在双膜囊泡内运输货物的新机制的作用。最近的研究发现了参与自噬和Cvt途径的分子成分。
