Vecera S P, Behrmann M, McGoldrick J
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242-1407, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2000 Jun;7(2):301-8. doi: 10.3758/bf03212985.
Recent empirical results suggest that there is a decrement in dividing attention between two objects in a scene compared with focusing attention on a single object. However, objects can be made of individual parts. Is there a decrement for dividing attention across different parts of a single object? We addressed this question in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we demonstrated that attention can exhibit part-based selection--that is, the subjects were more accurate in reporting two attributes from the same part of an object than they were in reporting attributes from different parts of an object. In Experiment 2, we demonstrated that part-based attentional decrements occurred simultaneously with object-based attentional decrements. The results from Experiment 2 demonstrated that part-based attention is evident at the same time as objects are processed as coherent whole. Our results imply that there is an attentional mechanism that can select either objects or their parts.
最近的实证结果表明，与将注意力集中在单个物体上相比，在场景中对两个物体进行分散注意力时会出现注意力下降的情况。然而，物体可以由各个部分组成。在单个物体的不同部分之间分散注意力是否也会出现下降呢？我们通过两个实验解决了这个问题。在实验1中，我们证明了注意力可以表现出基于部分的选择——也就是说，受试者从物体的同一部分报告两个属性时比从物体的不同部分报告属性时更准确。在实验2中，我们证明了基于部分的注意力下降与基于物体的注意力下降同时发生。实验2的结果表明，在将物体作为连贯整体进行处理的同时，基于部分的注意力是明显的。我们的结果意味着存在一种注意力机制，它可以选择物体或其部分。
