Lavie N, Driver J
Department of Psychology, University College London, England.
Percept Psychophys. 1996 Nov;58(8):1238-51. doi: 10.3758/bf03207556.
A new test was devised to avoid previous confounds in measures of object-based limits on divided visual attention. The distinction between objects was manipulated across a wide spatial extent. Target elements appeared on the same object only when far apart, and appeared close only when on different objects, so that object effects could not be reduced to spatial effects, nor vice versa. Subjects judged whether two odd elements within a display of two dashed lines were the same or different. They performed better when the target elements were far apart on a common line rather than on two distinct lines even though the latter arrangement was more likely. Thus, nonstrategic object-based limits on divided attention can arise even across large distances. However, when subjects were precued to expect targets in a narrow region of the display, the object effect was eliminated, implying that object-based selection may only operate within spatially attended regions.
设计了一项新测试，以避免以往在基于对象的分散视觉注意力限制测量中出现的混淆因素。在很宽的空间范围内对对象之间的区别进行了操控。目标元素只有在相距很远时才会出现在同一对象上，而只有在位于不同对象上时才会靠得很近，这样对象效应就不会简化为空间效应，反之亦然。受试者判断两条虚线组成的显示中的两个奇数元素是相同还是不同。即使后一种排列更有可能出现，但当目标元素在同一条线上相距很远而不是在两条不同的线上时，他们的表现更好。因此，即使在很大距离上，基于对象的分散注意力的非策略性限制也可能出现。然而，当受试者预先被提示期望在显示的狭窄区域中出现目标时，对象效应就会消除，这意味着基于对象的选择可能仅在空间上被关注的区域内起作用。
