Murphy K F, Kotler M N, Reichek N, Perloff J K
Am Heart J. 1975 May;89(5):638-56. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(75)90512-8.
In addition to recording the motion of the mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonic valves, echocardiography can identify right and left ventricular cavities and the interventricular septum. Disorders such as atrial-septal defect, valvular and subvalvular aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve, and the hypoplastic left-heart syndrome can readily be evaluated by echocardiography. In tetralogy of Fallot and truncus arteriosus, discontinuity between the anterior aortic wall and septum with overriding aorta has been demonstrated. Doubleoutlet right ventricle is associated with posterior aortic wall and mitral valve discontinuity. In disorders such as single ventricle, tricuspid atresia, and endocardial cushion defect with common A-V canal, echocardiographic demonstration of the absence of the interventricular septum has provided the clinician with valuable information. Newer techniques such as compound-B ultrasonography, which produces a two-dimensional cross-sectional image of intracardiac structures, and multiscan echocardiography will enhance the use of conventional echocardiography by providing a more accurate anatomic display of cardiac chambers and outflow vessels.
除了记录二尖瓣、三尖瓣、主动脉瓣和肺动脉瓣的运动外，超声心动图还可以识别左右心室腔以及室间隔。诸如房间隔缺损、瓣膜及瓣膜下主动脉狭窄、肺动脉狭窄、三尖瓣埃布斯坦畸形和左心发育不全综合征等疾病，都可以通过超声心动图轻松进行评估。在法洛四联症和永存动脉干中，已证实主动脉前壁与室间隔之间存在连续性中断且主动脉骑跨。右心室双出口与主动脉后壁和二尖瓣连续性中断有关。在诸如单心室、三尖瓣闭锁以及伴有共同房室通道的心内膜垫缺损等疾病中，超声心动图显示室间隔缺失为临床医生提供了有价值的信息。诸如复合B型超声检查（可生成心脏内结构的二维横截面图像）和多扫描超声心动图等新技术，将通过更准确地显示心脏腔室和流出血管的解剖结构，增强传统超声心动图的应用。
