Rudolph K M, Parkinson A J, Reasonover A L, Bulkow L R, Parks D J, Butler J C
Arctic Investigations Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, Anchorage, AK 99508,USA.
J Infect Dis. 2000 Aug;182(2):490-6. doi: 10.1086/315716. Epub 2000 Jul 12.
From January 1991 through December 1998, a total of 1046 pneumococcal isolates were received from 23 laboratories participating in the statewide surveillance system. Of these, 1037 were recovered from normally sterile sites (blood and cerebrospinal and pleural fluid) and were available for serotyping and susceptibility testing. Ninety-two percent of these isolates were serotypes represented in the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Serotypes in the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F) were recovered from 72% of Alaska Natives and 84% of non-Native children <5 years old with invasive disease. Statewide, 7.3% and 3.2% of isolates had intermediate and high levels of resistance to penicillin, respectively; 9.2% were resistant to erythromycin (minimal inhibitory concentration, >/=1 microg/mL) and 19% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (minimal inhibitory concentration, >/=4/76 microg/mL). Twelve percent of invasive isolates were resistant to >/=2 classes of antibiotics; of these, serotype 6B accounted for 33%, and 63% were recovered from children <5 years old.
从1991年1月至1998年12月，参与全州监测系统的23个实验室共收到1046株肺炎球菌分离株。其中，1037株从通常无菌的部位（血液、脑脊液和胸水）分离得到，可用于血清分型和药敏试验。这些分离株中有92%是23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗中包含的血清型。7价肺炎球菌结合疫苗中的血清型（4、6B、9V、14、18C、19F和23F）分别从72%的阿拉斯加原住民以及84%的5岁以下患侵袭性疾病的非原住民儿童中分离得到。在全州范围内，分离株对青霉素的中介耐药率和高度耐药率分别为7.3%和3.2%；9.2%对红霉素耐药（最低抑菌浓度≥1μg/mL），19%对甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑耐药（最低抑菌浓度≥4/76μg/mL）。12%的侵袭性分离株对≥2类抗生素耐药；其中，6B血清型占33%，63%分离自5岁以下儿童。
