Wang F D, Lin M L, Liu C Y
Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei). 2000 Jun;63(6):433-9.
Over the past decade, resistance of Gram-positive cocci to common antibiotics has steadily increased. New antibacterial agents that are active against multidrug-resistant pathogens are urgently needed for the treatment of these pathogens. We conducted an in vitro study on the activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin and other antibiotics against common clinical isolates of the gram-positive cocci, Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis.
The agar dilution method described by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of bacterial isolates from clinical specimens obtained from patients in a medical center.
All Staphylococcus aureus isolates were inhibited by quinupristin/dalfopristin (< or = 2 micrograms/ml). The MIC90s were 1 mg/ml for both methicillin-sensitive and -resistant S aureus. Quinupristin/dalfopristin inhibited streptococci at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml or less. The MIC90s were 1 microgram/ml for Streptococcus pneumoniae, S pyogenes and viridans streptococci. Ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium was inhibited by quinupristin/dalfopristin at 0.5 to 4 micrograms/ml, with an MIC90 of 1 microgram/ml. H influenzae was inhibited by quinupristin/dalfopristin at 0.25 to 8 micrograms/ml, with an MIC90 of 4 micrograms/ml. B catarrhalis was inhibited by quinupristin/dalfopristin at 0.25 to 1 microgram/ml, with an MIC90 of 1 microgram/ml.
We found that quinupristin/dalfopristin showed good in vitro activity against staphylococci, streptococci and B catarrhalis but less in vitro activity against H influenzae.
在过去十年中，革兰氏阳性球菌对常用抗生素的耐药性持续上升。治疗这些多重耐药病原体迫切需要对其有效的新型抗菌药物。我们对喹奴普丁/达福普汀及其他抗生素针对革兰氏阳性球菌、流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌常见临床分离株的活性进行了一项体外研究。
采用美国国家临床实验室标准委员会描述的琼脂稀释法，测定从一个医疗中心患者的临床标本中分离出的细菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。
所有金黄色葡萄球菌分离株均被喹奴普丁/达福普汀抑制（≤2微克/毫升）。甲氧西林敏感和耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC90均为1毫克/毫升。喹奴普丁/达福普汀以1微克/毫升或更低的浓度抑制链球菌。肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌和草绿色链球菌的MIC90均为1微克/毫升。耐氨苄西林的粪肠球菌被喹奴普丁/达福普汀以0.5至4微克/毫升的浓度抑制，MIC90为1微克/毫升。流感嗜血杆菌被喹奴普丁/达福普汀以0.25至8微克/毫升的浓度抑制，MIC90为4微克/毫升。卡他莫拉菌被喹奴普丁/达福普汀以0.25至1微克/毫升的浓度抑制，MIC90为1微克/毫升。
我们发现喹奴普丁/达福普汀对葡萄球菌、链球菌和卡他莫拉菌显示出良好的体外活性，但对流感嗜血杆菌的体外活性较低。
