Baumann J M, Affolter B, Caprez U, Lauper D, Maier F, Siegrist H P, Zysset T
Stone Research Center Violab, Biel, Switzerland.
Urol Res. 2000 Jun;28(3):147-54. doi: 10.1007/s002400000108.
Spectrophotometric and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies of oxalate-induced crystallization have been performed in whole urine with and without continuous magnetic stirring and before and after millipore filtration of urine. With continuous stirring, preferential nucleation was observed and this followed second order kinetics. Important crystal aggregation only occurred after an oxalate load above 1 mmol/l and without stirring. Under these conditions and at an ionic calcium concentration of 2 mmol/l, single crystals and aggregates of calcium oxalate dihydrate and monohydrate of well defined sizes were produced. Single dehydrates, their aggregates and the other particles could be distinguished by their significantly different sedimentation rates. From sedimentation curves an aggregation ratio for calcium oxalate dihydrate (aggregated/total dihydrate particles) was extrapolated. Millipore filtration removing important urinary macromolecules increased this aggregation ratio as well as the size of the aggregates on SEM pictures.
已在有和没有持续磁力搅拌的情况下，以及在尿液经微孔过滤之前和之后，对草酸盐诱导的结晶进行了分光光度法和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究。在持续搅拌的情况下，观察到优先成核现象，且其遵循二级动力学。重要的晶体聚集仅在草酸盐负荷高于1 mmol/l且不搅拌的情况下发生。在这些条件下，当离子钙浓度为2 mmol/l时，会生成尺寸明确的二水合草酸钙和一水合草酸钙的单晶及聚集体。单晶、其聚集体和其他颗粒可通过其显著不同的沉降速率加以区分。从沉降曲线推算出二水合草酸钙的聚集率（聚集的/总的二水合颗粒）。去除重要尿液大分子的微孔过滤增加了该聚集率以及SEM图片上聚集体的尺寸。
