Kadokura T, Ito T, Takano S, Nakazato A, Hara H, Watanabe S, Kudo T, Takeda M, Kaneko T
Department of Fermentation Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagayaku, Japan.
Syst Appl Microbiol. 2000 Jun;23(2):198-205. doi: 10.1016/S0723-2020(00)80005-3.
Although sake yeasts are placed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have been interested in their difference from the other subgroups of the species, and examined their proteins. When SDS-PAGE patterns of their soluble proteins were compared, specific differences between subgroups were found in their 36,000 Da regions. Proteins isolated therefrom were found to be subunits of three isomers of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from their N-terminal amino acid sequences and identified with anti-GAPDH serum. Therefore, comparison of zymogram was carried out by a modified method: denatured monomers were observed and the enzyme activity of their oligomers was not considered. SDS-PAGE patterns of all the sake yeasts differed from those of the other strains of S. cerevisiae. Strains of Saccharomyces bayanus showed uniform patterns which are different from the above two groups. Saccharomyces pastorianus strains resembled S. bayanus and were partly similar to S. cerevisiae in their patterns, in agreement with the hypothesis that S. pastorianus is a hybrid between these two species. Patterns of S. paradoxus appeared to be rather similar to those of sake yeasts. Results on the other species of the genus and on the preliminary experiments on PAGE of native isozymes are also described.
尽管清酒酵母被归类于酿酒酵母，但我们一直对它们与该物种其他亚组之间的差异感兴趣，并对其蛋白质进行了研究。当比较它们可溶性蛋白质的SDS-PAGE图谱时，在36,000 Da区域发现了亚组之间的特定差异。从该区域分离出的蛋白质，根据其N端氨基酸序列被鉴定为甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶（GAPDH）三种异构体的亚基，并通过抗GAPDH血清进行了确认。因此，采用改良方法进行酶谱比较：观察变性单体，不考虑其寡聚体的酶活性。所有清酒酵母的SDS-PAGE图谱都与其他酿酒酵母菌株不同。巴氏酵母菌株呈现出统一的图谱，与上述两组不同。葡萄汁酵母菌株与巴氏酵母相似，其图谱部分类似于酿酒酵母，这与葡萄汁酵母是这两个物种之间的杂交种这一假设相符。奇异酵母的图谱似乎与清酒酵母相当相似。本文还描述了该属其他物种的结果以及天然同工酶PAGE的初步实验结果。
