Flannery R B, Fisher W H, Walker A P
Massaschusetts Department of Mental Health, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Psychiatr Q. 2000 Fall;71(3):195-203. doi: 10.1023/a:1004645409253.
There currently exists a large body of empirical research examining patient assaults in inpatient psychiatric facilities. These studies have focused primarily on staff and have found younger, male mental health workers with lower levels of formal education and experience as well as nurses involved in restraint procedures to be most at risk. However, despite the increased utilization of community-based services, little attention has been directed toward patient assaults on patients and staff in community settings, particularly residential services. This study began to respond to this need by examining patient assaults toward other patients and staff in community residences during the first twelve months post-discharge for a group of newly discharged patients who were not violent as inpatients. This study found female patients and staff to be at greater risk for assault than male patients. Lack of experience by staff was also a risk factor. The clinical, administrative, and research implications of these findings are discussed.
目前有大量实证研究在考察住院精神科设施中的患者攻击行为。这些研究主要聚焦于工作人员，发现受正规教育程度较低、经验较少的年轻男性心理健康工作者以及参与约束程序的护士面临的风险最高。然而，尽管基于社区的服务使用有所增加，但针对社区环境中患者对患者及工作人员的攻击行为却很少受到关注，尤其是在寄宿服务方面。本研究通过考察一组出院时无暴力行为的新出院患者在出院后头十二个月内在社区住所中对其他患者及工作人员的攻击行为，开始回应这一需求。该研究发现女性患者和工作人员比男性患者面临更大的攻击风险。工作人员缺乏经验也是一个风险因素。本文讨论了这些发现的临床、管理和研究意义。
