Tachibana H, Cheng X J, Kobayashi S, Fujita Y, Udono T
Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokai University School of Medicine, Bohseidai, Isehara, Japan.
Parasitol Res. 2000 Jul;86(7):537-41. doi: 10.1007/s004360000205.
Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) residing in the Kumamoto Primate Research Park, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, were surveyed for the presence of intestinal parasites. Stool samples from 107 chimpanzees were examined by microscopy after formalin-ether sedimentation. Of these animals, 100 were infected with at least 1 species of ameba. The positivity rates recorded were as follows: Entamoeba coli, 88%; E. histolytica/E. dispar, 48%; E. hartmanni, 15%; Iodamoeba buetschlii, 8%; Endolimax nana, 4%; and Entamoeba chattoni, 2%. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis to distinguish between E. histolytica and E. dispar was performed on these samples. E. dispar DNA was detected in 60 of 107 samples (56%), including 9 that had been microscopically determined to be negative for E. histolytica/ E. dispar. In contrast, no E. histolytica DNA was detected in the 107 samples. Zymodeme analysis indicated that 10 isolates were E. dispar. When 104 chimpanzees were examined serologically for E. histolytica infection, 1 sample was scored as positive by indirect hemagglutination and another was found to be positive by an indirect fluorescent antibody test. However, both specimens were borderline-positive and were clearly negative in other tests, suggesting that they might be false-positives. These results demonstrate that the pathogenic E. histolytica was absent in this colony, regardless of the high degree of prevalence of other amebas. For an accurate diagnosis, PCR analysis is recommended in addition to microscopic examination.
对住吉神社熊本灵长类动物研究公园内的黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）进行了肠道寄生虫检查。采集了107只黑猩猩的粪便样本，经福尔马林 - 乙醚沉淀后用显微镜检查。这些动物中，100只感染了至少一种阿米巴原虫。记录的阳性率如下：结肠内阿米巴，88%；溶组织内阿米巴/迪斯帕内阿米巴，48%；哈氏内阿米巴，15%；布氏嗜碘阿米巴，8%；微小内蜒阿米巴，4%；查顿内阿米巴，2%。对这些样本进行了聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析，以区分溶组织内阿米巴和迪斯帕内阿米巴。在107个样本中的60个（56%）检测到了迪斯帕内阿米巴DNA，其中包括9个显微镜检查判定为溶组织内阿米巴/迪斯帕内阿米巴阴性的样本。相比之下，107个样本中未检测到溶组织内阿米巴DNA。酶谱分析表明有10株分离株为迪斯帕内阿米巴。对104只黑猩猩进行溶组织内阿米巴感染的血清学检查时，1份样本间接血凝试验结果为阳性，另1份样本间接荧光抗体试验结果为阳性。然而，两份标本均为临界阳性，在其他试验中明显为阴性，提示可能为假阳性。这些结果表明，尽管其他阿米巴原虫感染率很高，但该群体中不存在致病性溶组织内阿米巴。为了准确诊断，除显微镜检查外，建议进行PCR分析。
