Dehaene-Lambertz G, Dupoux E, Gout A
CNRS UMR 8554 and EHESS, Paris, France.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2000 Jul;12(4):635-47. doi: 10.1162/089892900562390.
It is well known that speech perception is deeply affected by the phoneme categories of the native language. Recent studies have found that phonotactics, i.e., constraints on the cooccurrence of phonemes within words, also have a considerable impact on speech perception routines. For example, Japanese does not allow (nonnasal) coda consonants. When presented with stimuli that violate this constraint, as in / ebzo/, Japanese adults report that they hear a /u/ between consonants, i.e., /ebuzo/. We examine this phenomenon using event-related potentials (ERPs) on French and Japanese participants in order to study how and when the phonotactic properties of the native language affect speech perception routines. Trials using four similar precursor stimuli were presented followed by a test stimulus that was either identical or different depending on the presence or absence of an epenthetic vowel /u/ between two consonants (e.g., "ebuzo ebuzo ebuzo- ebzo"). Behavioral results confirm that Japanese, unlike French participants, are not able to discriminate between identical and deviant trials. In ERPs, three mismatch responses were recorded in French participants. These responses were either absent or significantly weaker for Japanese. In particular, a component similar in latency and topography to the mismatch negativity (MMN) was recorded for French, but not for Japanese participants. Our results suggest that the impact of phonotactics takes place early in speech processing and support models of speech perception, which postulate that the input signal is directly parsed into the native language phonological format. We speculate that such a fast computation of a phonological representation should facilitate lexical access, especially in degraded conditions.
众所周知，言语感知深受母语音素类别的影响。近期研究发现，音位配列规则，即单词内音素同时出现的限制条件，也对言语感知程序有相当大的影响。例如，日语不允许（非鼻音）结尾辅音。当呈现违反此限制条件的刺激，如 / ebzo/ 时，日本成年人报告称他们在辅音之间听到了一个 /u/，即 /ebuzo/。我们使用事件相关电位（ERP）对法国和日本参与者进行研究，以探讨母语的音位配列属性如何以及何时影响言语感知程序。呈现使用四个相似前导刺激的试验，随后是一个测试刺激，该测试刺激根据两个辅音之间是否存在插入元音 /u/ 而相同或不同（例如，“ebuzo ebuzo ebuzo - ebzo”）。行为结果证实，与法国参与者不同，日本参与者无法区分相同和异常试验。在ERP方面，法国参与者记录到了三种失配反应。而这些反应在日本参与者中要么不存在，要么明显较弱。特别是，在法国参与者中记录到了一种在潜伏期和地形学上与失配负波（MMN）相似的成分，但在日本参与者中未记录到。我们的结果表明，音位配列规则的影响在言语处理早期就已发生，并支持言语感知模型，该模型假定输入信号会直接被解析成本国语言的语音格式。我们推测，这种对语音表征的快速计算应该有助于词汇提取，尤其是在退化条件下。
