Allendorf F W, Seeb L W
Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula 59812, USA.
Evolution. 2000 Apr;54(2):640-51. doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2000.tb00065.x.
We examined genetic variation at 21 polymorphic allozyme loci, 15 nuclear DNA loci, and mitochondrial DNA in four spawning populations of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from Cook Inlet, Alaska, to test for differences in the patterns of divergence among different types of markers. We were specifically interested in testing the suggestion that natural selection at allozyme loci compromises the effectiveness of these markers for describing the amount and patterns of gene flow among populations. We found concordance among markers in the amount of genetic variation within and among populations, with the striking exception of one allozyme locus (sAH), which exhibited more than three times the amount of among-population differentiation as other loci. A consideration of reports of discordance between allozymes and other loci indicates that these differences usually result from one or two exceptional loci. We conclude that it is important to examine many loci when estimating genetic differentiation to infer historical amounts of gene flow and patterns of genetic exchange among populations. It is less important whether those loci are allozymes or nuclear DNA markers.
我们检测了阿拉斯加库克湾四个红大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus nerka）产卵群体中21个多态性等位酶基因座、15个核DNA基因座以及线粒体DNA的遗传变异情况，以检验不同类型标记之间的分化模式差异。我们尤其关注检验这样一种观点，即等位酶基因座上的自然选择会影响这些标记在描述种群间基因流动数量和模式方面的有效性。我们发现，种群内和种群间遗传变异量在各标记之间具有一致性，但有一个显著例外，即一个等位酶基因座（sAH），其种群间分化程度是其他基因座的三倍多。对关于等位酶与其他基因座不一致的报告进行考量后发现，这些差异通常源于一两个异常基因座。我们得出结论，在估计遗传分化以推断种群间历史基因流动数量和遗传交换模式时，检测多个基因座很重要。这些基因座是等位酶还是核DNA标记则没那么重要。
