Anolli L, Ciceri R, Infantino M G
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Italy.
J Psycholinguist Res. 2000 May;29(3):275-311. doi: 10.1023/a:1005100221723.
Irony, as "quotation" and "fencing game," consists of an interactive script, grounded on a focal event "trigger," in which the dialogic comment shows the ironist's intention through an antiphrastic process and syncoding to "hit" the victim of the irony (blame by praise or praise by blame). Through acoustic analysis of the suprasegmental profiles of standard phrases inserted into inductors expressly composed and read by 50 naive subjects, the presence and nature of significant differences between sarcastic and kind irony in low- and high-context utterances (contextualization effect--Experiments 1 and 2) have been verified. It has also been observed that, where more "specific weight" is given to the linguistic stream (corrective irony hypothesis), a markedness of suprasegmental features emerges (correctivity effect--Experiment 3). Finally, comparison between sarcastic irony and blame and between kind irony and praise shows that there exists a precise manner of contrastive syncoding, whereby the voices of irony do not coincide with those of direct blame or praise, but assume a specific caricature and emphatic profile (contrastivity effect--Experiment 4).
反讽，作为“引用”和“交锋游戏”，由一个基于焦点事件“触发点”的互动脚本构成，在这个脚本中，对话式评论通过反语过程和同步编码来展现反讽者的意图，以“击中”反讽的对象（以赞扬进行指责或以指责进行赞扬）。通过对50名普通受试者明确编写并朗读的诱导语中插入的标准短语的超音段特征进行声学分析，验证了在低语境和高语境话语中讽刺性反讽和善意反讽之间显著差异的存在及性质（语境化效应——实验1和实验2）。还观察到，在语言流被赋予更多“比重”的情况下（矫正性反讽假设），超音段特征的显著性会显现出来（矫正效应——实验3）。最后，讽刺性反讽与指责之间以及善意反讽与赞扬之间的比较表明，存在一种精确的对比性同步编码方式，据此反讽的声音与直接指责或赞扬的声音并不一致，而是呈现出一种特定的夸张和强调特征（对比效应——实验4）。
