Nelson J S, Stone M S
Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2000 Aug;12(4):359-64. doi: 10.1097/00008480-200008000-00014.
Viral exanthems are common in childhood and account for a large number of patient visits to pediatric or family medicine clinics. Most exanthems are virtually harmless to the healthy child, but others can be signs of more significant systemic disease. Some exanthems that are benign or self-limited in the healthy child may propose significant risk to pregnant or immunocompromised individuals. Therefore, recognition of exanthems, which may be associated with certain viral illnesses, is important for the primary care provider. For example, prompt recognition of a viral exanthem caused by parvovirus may allow a pregnant female from exposing her fetus to a potentially fatal infection, or, if the exposure has already occurred, may indicate the need for appropriate fetal monitoring. In this manuscript, we review the recent literature pertaining to four characteristic exanthems that are thought to be viral in nature: papular purpuric gloves and socks syndrome; pityriasis rosea; unilateral lateral thoracic exanthem; and Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.
病毒疹在儿童时期很常见,导致大量患者前往儿科或家庭医学诊所就诊。大多数皮疹对健康儿童几乎无害,但其他皮疹可能是更严重全身性疾病的迹象。一些在健康儿童中为良性或自限性的皮疹,可能会给孕妇或免疫功能低下的个体带来重大风险。因此,识别可能与某些病毒性疾病相关的皮疹,对初级保健提供者来说很重要。例如,及时识别由细小病毒引起的病毒疹,可能会使孕妇避免让胎儿接触潜在的致命感染,或者,如果已经发生接触,可能表明需要进行适当的胎儿监测。在本手稿中,我们回顾了近期有关四种被认为本质上是病毒性的特征性皮疹的文献:丘疹紫癜性手套和袜套综合征;玫瑰糠疹;单侧胸外侧皮疹;以及 Gianotti-Crosti 综合征。