Liu N
Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University at The Burke Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
Chem Senses. 2000 Aug;25(4):401-6. doi: 10.1093/chemse/25.4.401.
Unilateral naris closure produced dramatic down-regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene expression in periglomerular dopaminergic neurons in the olfactory bulb. To explore molecular mechanisms of TH gene regulation, the present study investigated the regional distribution of protein kinase A (PKAalpha), protein kinase C (PKCalpha), and CaM kinases II (CaMKIIalpha, beta) and IV (CaMKIV) in the normal olfactory bulb and in response to odor deprivation. Strong PKAalpha immunostaining was found in the glomerular, granule cell, external plexiform and olfactory nerve layers. PKCalpha staining was strong in granule cell and external plexiform layers but weak in the glomerular layer. Whereas CaMKIV was primarily found in granule cells, CaMKII was present in the glomerular, external plexiform, mitral cell and granule cell layers. No change in immunoreactivities of these kinases occurred in the olfactory bulb ipsilateral to naris closure. The expression of PKAalpha, PKCalpha and CaMKII, but not CaMKIV, in periglomerular cells suggests that these three kinases may play a role in TH gene regulation in the olfactory bulb. The lack of change in kinase protein levels after naris closure also suggests that any involvement of these kinases in TH gene expression in the olfactory bulb must be through altered kinase activity and not protein levels.
单侧鼻孔封闭可使嗅球中肾小球周围多巴胺能神经元的酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）基因表达显著下调。为探究TH基因调控的分子机制，本研究调查了蛋白激酶A（PKAα）、蛋白激酶C（PKCα）以及钙调蛋白激酶II（CaMKIIα、β）和IV（CaMKIV）在正常嗅球中的区域分布以及对气味剥夺的反应。在肾小球层、颗粒细胞层、外丛状层和嗅神经层发现了强烈的PKAα免疫染色。PKCα染色在颗粒细胞层和外丛状层较强，但在肾小球层较弱。CaMKIV主要存在于颗粒细胞中，而CaMKII则存在于肾小球层、外丛状层、二尖瓣细胞层和颗粒细胞层。在鼻孔封闭同侧的嗅球中，这些激酶的免疫反应性没有变化。肾小球周围细胞中PKAα、PKCα和CaMKII（而非CaMKIV）的表达表明，这三种激酶可能在嗅球中TH基因的调控中发挥作用。鼻孔封闭后激酶蛋白水平缺乏变化也表明，这些激酶在嗅球中对TH基因表达的任何参与必定是通过改变激酶活性而非蛋白水平实现的。
