Sanborn A F
School of Natural and Health Sciences, Barry University, Miami Shores, FLA 33161-6695, USA.
J Comp Physiol A. 2000 Jun;186(6):551-6. doi: 10.1007/s003590000110.
Measurements of body temperature in the field demonstrated that endothermic cicadas regulate body temperature by behavioral mechanisms as well as by endogenous heat production. Regression analysis suggests both endothermic and ectothermic species are thermoregulating. Body temperature of endothermically active cicadas without access to exogenous heat is approximately the same as the body temperature of basking cicadas. Tibicen winnemanna (Davis) raises body temperature in the field with the heat produced in flight or through the activation of the flight musculature without the act of flight. T. chloromerus (Walker) uses solar radiation to elevate body temperature to the level necessary for activity. The thermal responses of each species are related to its activity patterns with minimum flight temperature and shade-seeking temperatures significantly lower in the endothermic T. winnemanna. Heat torpor temperature appears to be related to the environment rather than behavior pattern. Endothermy in cicadas may serve to uncouple reproductive behavior from environmental constraints; to circumvent possible thermoregulatory problems; to permit the utilization of habitats unavailable to strictly ectothermic cicadas; to reduce predation; to optimize broadcast coverage and sound transmission; and to decrease possible acoustic interference.
野外体温测量表明，吸热性蝉类通过行为机制以及内源性产热来调节体温。回归分析表明，吸热性和外温性物种都在进行体温调节。无法获取外源热量的吸热性活跃蝉类的体温与晒太阳的蝉类的体温大致相同。温氏蝉（Tibicen winnemanna，戴维斯）在野外通过飞行产生的热量或通过激活飞行肌肉组织（无需飞行行为）来提高体温。绿蝉（T. chloromerus，沃克）利用太阳辐射将体温升高到活动所需的水平。每个物种的热反应与其活动模式相关，吸热性的温氏蝉的最低飞行温度和避光温度显著更低。热蛰伏温度似乎与环境而非行为模式有关。蝉类的吸热性可能有助于使繁殖行为摆脱环境限制；规避可能的体温调节问题；允许利用严格外温性蝉类无法利用的栖息地；减少捕食；优化广播覆盖范围和声音传播；以及减少可能的声学干扰。
