Pinna-Senn E, Lisanti J A, Ortiz M I, Dalmasso G, Bella J L, Gosálvez J, Stockert J C
Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
Biotech Histochem. 2000 May;75(3):132-40. doi: 10.3109/10520290009066491.
The bis-benzimidazole compound nuclear yellow (NY) belongs to the same chemical family as the DNA binding fluorochromes Hoechst 33258 and Hoechst 33342. Spectroscopic studies of NY alone and in the presence of calf thymus DNA show high DNA binding affinity and behavior similar to the Hoechst fluorochromes above. Mitotic metaphase chromosomes from Balb/c mice stained with NY show C-banding and weak G/Q-banding, both of them disappearing after distamycin A (DA) or methyl green (MG) counterstaining. The same staining of human metaphase chromosomes from lymphocyte cultures, however, reveal only faint G/Q-banding (NY) and a characteristic DA-DAPI-like banding (NY-DA, NY-MG). Image analysis of NY stained human chromosomes, confirms that NY is suitable for studying polymorphisms affecting size in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of pairs 1, 9 and 16, and shows significant enhancement of NY fluorescence induced by DA in DA-DAPI heterochromatin. Our spectroscopic and cytological results show that NY, either alone or counterstained with DA or MG, can be used for DNA cytochemistry and chromosome banding. Possible mechanisms for the banding patterns induced by NY are discussed.
双苯并咪唑化合物核黄（NY）与DNA结合荧光染料Hoechst 33258和Hoechst 33342属于同一化学家族。对NY单独以及在存在小牛胸腺DNA情况下的光谱研究表明，NY具有很高的DNA结合亲和力，其行为与上述Hoechst荧光染料相似。用NY染色的Balb/c小鼠有丝分裂中期染色体显示出C带和较弱的G/Q带，在用放线菌素A（DA）或甲基绿（MG）复染后这两种带都消失。然而，对来自淋巴细胞培养物的人类中期染色体进行同样的染色，仅显示出微弱的G/Q带（NY）和一种特征性的类似DA-DAPI的带型（NY-DA、NY-MG）。对NY染色的人类染色体进行图像分析证实，NY适用于研究影响1、9和16号染色体着丝粒周围异染色质大小的多态性，并显示出在DA-DAPI异染色质中DA诱导的NY荧光显著增强。我们的光谱和细胞学结果表明，NY单独使用或与DA或MG复染，均可用于DNA细胞化学和染色体显带。文中讨论了NY诱导的带型模式的可能机制。
