Diamond D A, Paltiel H J, DiCanzio J, Zurakowski D, Bauer S B, Atala A, Ephraim P L, Grant R, Retik A B
Departments of Urology, Radiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Urol. 2000 Sep;164(3 Pt 2):1111-4. doi: 10.1097/00005392-200009020-00048.
Testicular volume measurements obtained with the Prader and Rochester orchidometers were compared to those obtained using scrotal ultrasound. The ability of each orchidometer versus ultrasound in detecting volume differential between 2 testes and the accuracy of orchidometer measurement by a less experienced examiner to that of a urologist were compared.
A total of 65 males were examined by the attending urologist and urology nurse using the Prader and Rochester orchidometers, and scrotal ultrasound was subsequently performed by an attending radiologist. Statistical analysis of the results was performed to determine the correlation of orchidometer measurements between examiners, as well as with ultrasound, and sensitivity and specificity of orchidometer and ultrasound in detecting defined volume differentials between testes of 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%.
There was a strong linear relationship between testicular volume measurements using either orchidometer and ultrasound. To detect a defined volume differential as determined by ultrasound orchidometer sensitivity was weak, whereas orchidometer specificity was better. There was a strong correlation between orchidometer measurements of the urology nurse and attending urologist.
Although the orchidometer remains valuable in assessing size of the individual testis, it is too insensitive to volume differentials relative to ultrasound to be used routinely to determine growth impairment. For this reason observation of an adolescent with varicocele should include an annual ultrasound assessment of testicular volume.
比较使用普拉德（Prader）和罗切斯特（Rochester）睾丸测量器获得的睾丸体积测量值与阴囊超声测量值。比较了每种睾丸测量器与超声检测两个睾丸之间体积差异的能力，以及经验较少的检查者使用睾丸测量器测量的准确性与泌尿科医生测量准确性的差异。
65名男性由主治泌尿科医生和泌尿科护士使用普拉德和罗切斯特睾丸测量器进行检查，随后由主治放射科医生进行阴囊超声检查。对结果进行统计分析，以确定检查者之间睾丸测量器测量值的相关性，以及与超声测量值的相关性，以及睾丸测量器和超声检测睾丸之间10%、15%、20%和25%的既定体积差异的敏感性和特异性。
使用任何一种睾丸测量器和超声测量睾丸体积之间存在很强的线性关系。对于检测超声确定的既定体积差异，睾丸测量器的敏感性较弱，而特异性较好。泌尿科护士和主治泌尿科医生使用睾丸测量器的测量结果之间存在很强的相关性。
尽管睾丸测量器在评估单个睾丸大小方面仍然有价值，但相对于超声，它对体积差异过于不敏感，不能常规用于确定生长受损情况。因此，对患有精索静脉曲张的青少年进行观察时，应每年进行一次睾丸体积的超声评估。
