Pinhasi R, Semal P
Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, U.K.
J Hum Evol. 2000 Sep;39(3):269-88. doi: 10.1006/jhev.2000.0421.
The morphometric affinities of the 33,000 year old skeleton from Nazlet Khater, Upper Egypt are examined using multivariate statistical procedures. In the first part, principal components analysis is performed on a dataset of mandible dimensions of 220 fossils, sub-fossils and modern specimens, ranging in time from the Late Pleistocene to recent and restricted in space to the African continent and Southern Levant. In the second part, mean measurements for various prehistoric and modern African and Levantine populations are incorporated in the statistical analysis. Subsequently, differences between male and female means are examined for some of the modern and prehistoric populations. The results indicate a strong association between some of the sub-Saharan Middle Stone Age (MSA) specimens, and the Nazlet Khater mandible. Furthermore, the results suggest that variability between African populations during the Neolithic and Protohistoric periods was more pronounced than the range of variability observed among recent African and Levantine populations. Results also demonstrate a general reduction in the degree of sexual dimorphism during the Holocene. However, this pattern of reduction pattern varies by geographic location and is not uniform across the African continent.
利用多元统计程序对来自埃及上埃及纳兹莱特·哈特的3.3万年历史的骨骼进行形态测量分析。第一部分，对220个化石、亚化石和现代标本的下颌骨尺寸数据集进行主成分分析，时间范围从晚更新世到近代，空间范围局限于非洲大陆和黎凡特南部。第二部分，将各种史前和现代非洲及黎凡特人群的平均测量值纳入统计分析。随后，对一些现代和史前人群的男女均值差异进行了研究。结果表明，一些撒哈拉以南中石器时代（MSA）标本与纳兹莱特·哈特下颌骨之间存在很强的关联。此外，结果表明，新石器时代和原历史时期非洲人群之间的变异性比近代非洲和黎凡特人群中观察到的变异性范围更为明显。结果还表明，全新世期间两性异形程度普遍降低。然而，这种降低模式因地理位置而异，在非洲大陆并不统一。
