Mojtabai R, Bromet E J, Harvey P D, Carlson G A, Craig T J, Fennig S
Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Sep;157(9):1453-60. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.9.1453.
The study compared the neuropsychological functioning of patients with first-admission schizophrenia with that of patients with first-admission psychotic affective disorders.
Data came from the Suffolk County Mental Health Project, an epidemiological study of first-admission psychotic disorders. Subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (N=102) and psychotic affective disorders, including bipolar disorder with psychotic features (N=72) and major depressive disorder with psychotic features (N=49), were compared on a battery of neuropsychological tests administered 2 years after the index admission.
Subjects with schizophrenia performed worse than those with the psychotic affective disorders, even after adjusting the results for differences in demographic characteristics and general intellectual functioning. The most consistent differences were on tests of attention, concentration, and mental tracking. The two psychotic affective disorder groups were indistinguishable in performance on the neuropsychological tests.
Even early in its course, schizophrenia is distinguishable from psychotic affective disorders by global and specific neuropsychological deficits. These deficits might contribute to the disability and poor outcome associated with schizophrenia in the mid- and long-term course.
本研究比较了首次入院的精神分裂症患者与首次入院的精神病性情感障碍患者的神经心理功能。
数据来自萨福克郡心理健康项目，这是一项关于首次入院精神病性障碍的流行病学研究。对诊断为精神分裂症的受试者（N = 102）以及精神病性情感障碍患者，包括伴有精神病性特征的双相情感障碍（N = 72）和伴有精神病性特征的重度抑郁症（N = 49），在首次入院2年后进行的一系列神经心理测试中进行比较。
即使在对人口统计学特征和一般智力功能差异进行结果调整后，精神分裂症患者的表现仍比精神病性情感障碍患者差。最一致的差异体现在注意力、专注力和心理追踪测试中。两个精神病性情感障碍组在神经心理测试中的表现没有差异。
即使在病程早期，精神分裂症通过整体和特定的神经心理缺陷也可与精神病性情感障碍区分开来。这些缺陷可能导致精神分裂症在中长期病程中出现残疾和不良预后。
