Prescott S M, Zimmerman G A, Stafforini D M, McIntyre T M
The Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
Annu Rev Biochem. 2000;69:419-45. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.419.
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid with potent, diverse physiological actions, particularly as a mediator of inflammation. The synthesis, transport, and degradation of PAF are tightly regulated, and the biochemical basis for many of these processes has been elucidated in recent years. Many of the actions of PAF can be mimicked by structurally related phospholipids that are derived from nonenzymatic oxidation, because such compounds can bind to the PAF receptor. This process circumvents much of the biochemical control and presumably is regulated primarily by the rate of degradation, which is catalyzed by PAF acetylhydrolase. The isolation of cDNA clones encoding most of the key proteins involved in regulating PAF has allowed substantial recent progress and will facilitate studies to determine the structural basis for substrate specificity and the precise role of PAF in physiological events.
血小板活化因子（PAF）是一种具有强大而多样生理作用的磷脂，尤其是作为炎症介质。PAF的合成、转运和降解受到严格调控，近年来已经阐明了许多这些过程的生化基础。PAF的许多作用可以被源自非酶氧化的结构相关磷脂所模拟，因为这类化合物可以与PAF受体结合。这个过程绕过了许多生化控制，推测主要由PAF乙酰水解酶催化的降解速率来调节。编码参与调控PAF的大多数关键蛋白质的cDNA克隆的分离，使得近期取得了实质性进展，并将有助于确定底物特异性的结构基础以及PAF在生理事件中的确切作用的研究。
